Internet in Poland

The Internet in Poland was used by 90.4% of households in the country and 98.6% business entities in 2020.[1] In 2021, the percentage of households with internet will increase to 92.4%.[2]

Facts and figures
  • Top-level domain: .pl
  • Internet users: 31.97 million users; 84.5% of the population (2021).[3]
  • Fixed broadband: 6.4 million subscriptions, 17th in the world; 16.6% of the population, 54th in the world (2012).[4][5]
  • Wireless broadband: 18.9 million subscriptions, 16th in the world; 49.3% of the population, 33rd in the world (2012).[6]
  • Internet hosts: 13.3 million hosts, 12th in the world (2012).[7]
  • IPv4: 19.4 million addresses allocated, 21st in the world, 0.5% of the world total, 505.9 addresses per 1000 people (2012).[8][9]
  • 70.6% of households in Poland with no internet access indicated that they have no need to use it.[10]
  • In August 2020, the number of mobile device users exceeded the number of fixed-line internet users.

The first analogue Internet connection was launched on September 26, 1990 and had a speed of approximately 9600 bits per second. The Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences received the first IP address in Poland (192.86.14.0) on 19 November 1990, assigned to it by the United States Department of Defense. This institute was also the recipient of the first e-mail sent to Poland, sent by CERN on 20 November 1990, and received on a MicroVax II computer.[11][12]

Pricing

According to an OECD report, the price of Internet access in Poland in September 2012 ranged from $0.45 to $128.12 PPP per megabit per second (Mbit/s) of advertised speed. This places Poland in the middle on the low end (18th lowest out of 34 countries) and at the top on the high end (second highest behind New Zealand at $130.20). This compares with ranges of $0.40 to $23.25 for Germany, $0.40 to $12.35 for the Czech Republic, and $0.53 to $41.70 for the U.S.[13]

According to Eurostat, the OECD and others, Internet access in Poland in the early 2010s was among the most expensive in Europe. This was mostly due to a lack of competition and lack of experience. New operators like Dialog and GTS Energis are designing their own provider lines and are offering more attractive and cheaper services. In February 2011, the Polish Office of Electronic Communication issued an order forcing TPSA to rent 51% of their ADSL lines to other ISPs at 60% discount of their market pricing. As the result, the prices are non-competitive. Other ISP charge as TPSA makes a guaranteed 40% profit, while TPSA has no incentive to lower its consumer prices, because that would result in a lowering of wholesale prices as well.

ADSL

The most popular ADSL services for home users in Poland are Neostrada provided by TPSA and Net24 provided by Netia. Both provide download speeds in the range of 10 to 80 Mbit/s and upload speeds of 1 Mbit/s or more. Business users as well as some home users use Internet DSL TP also offered by TPSA.

Neostrada

ADSL and VDSL service is offered by Neostrada.

Internet DSL TP

There is another ADSL option available, targeted mainly at business clients, called Internet DSL TP. The link availability is guaranteed, offers static IP addresses, and a modem with Ethernet interface.

Net24

ADSL service called Net24, provided by TP's main competitor Netia. The service can be installed on ISDN lines.

Netia also offers ADSL (BiznesNet24) and SDSL (SuperNet24) subscriptions for business customers, which offer static IP addresses and higher speeds.

Multimo

ADSL service called Multimo, provided by GTS Energis for TP customers via Bit Stream Access.

DialNET DSL

ADSL service called DialNET DSL, provided by Dialog now bought by Netia.[14]

Cable

Cable providers such as Multimedia, UPC, Vectra and ASTER offer triple play services.

VECTRA

Vectra, after the purchase of Multimedia, is the largest cable network in Poland. (Reaches 4.4 million households).[15][16]

INEA

Cable providers from Greater Poland. Offers 10Gbit/s for anyone in their networks via fibre.[17]

UPC

UPC has upgraded its "Fiber Power" internet service to higher speeds, offering internet with download speeds from 10 Mbit/s up to 1 Gbit/s. (Reaches 3.7 million households). play (p4) buys upc [18][19]

ASTER

ASTER used to provide triple play to many cities in Poland, especially Warsaw and Kraków with speeds ranging from 1 Mbit/s to 120 Mbit/s.

On January 2, 2012, Aster merged with UPC.[20] As a result, every service was bumped into the higher tier and the daytime half speed throttling was removed.

HETAN

HETAN provides stationary Internet via Satellite to whole Poland for private and business customers with speeds ranging from 10 Mbit/s to 20 Mbit/s in download and from 2 Mbit/s to 6 Mbit/s in upload. HETAN launched its services in August 2011, and is since then market leader in providing internet via KA-satellite services to private households and SME's in Poland. HETAN is the largest reseller of Tooway/Skylogic Services in Poland and also represents Hylass/Avanti.

KORBANK

KORBANK provides Triple Play, especially in FTTx or ETH technology. The firm allows subscribers to connect and use computer-based telecommunications networks using independent Internet connections boasting high quality and transmission capacity, digital telephony and new generation TV. Operations focus on Lower Silesia and Masovia regions, where telecommunications services are offered to both retail and business clients. KORBANK is also founder of the first in Europe IPTV Platform based on Unicast Protocol - AVIOS.[21]

During Civic Platform government

In early 2011, Internet censorship legislation that included the creation of a registry of blocked websites was abandoned by the Polish government, following protests and petitions opposing the proposal.[22][23][24]

In 2011, the Office for Electronic Communications reported that law enforcement agencies requested access to telecommunications data (including call logs, telephone locations, and names registered to specific numbers) 1.8 million times, an increase of 500,000 over the number of requests in 2010.[25]

In January 2012, thousands protested Prime Minister Tusk's signing of the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA), establishing international standards for enforcing intellectual property rights, accusing it of facilitating Internet censorship.[26] Additionally, in February, Tusk suspended ratification of ACTA because his government had made insufficient consultations before signing the agreement to ensure it was entirely safe for Polish citizens.[27]

In September 2012, the creator of the website Antykomor.pl that satirized President Komorowski was sentenced to 15 months of restricted liberty and 600 hours of community service for defaming the president.[26]

See also

References
  1. "Społeczenstwo informacyjne w Polsce w 2020 r." (PDF). stat.gov.pl. Statistics Poland. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
  2. "gus stat" (PDF).
  3. Internet Users in Poland in 2021, January 2021, retrieved 21 March 2022
  4. Calculated using penetration rate and population data from "Countries and Areas Ranked by Population: 2012" Archived 2017-03-29 at the Wayback Machine, Population data, International Programs, U.S. Census Bureau, retrieved 26 June 2013
  5. "Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2012", Dynamic Report, ITU ITC EYE, International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved on 29 June 2013.
  6. "Active mobile-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2012", Dynamic Report, ITU ITC EYE, International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved on 29 June 2013.
  7. "Internet hosts", World Factbook, U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, 2012. Retrieved 17 June 2013.
  8. Select Formats Archived 2009-05-13 at the Wayback Machine, Country IP Blocks. Accessed on 2 April 2012. Note: Site is said to be updated daily.
  9. Population, The World Factbook, United States Central Intelligence Agency. Accessed on 2 April 2012. Note: Data are mostly for 1 July 2012.
  10. www.ideo.pl, ideo -. "Społeczeństwo informacyjne w Polsce w 2016 roku". stat.gov.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2017-02-05.
  11. "Instytut Fizyki Jądrowej PAN".
  12. www.ideo.pl, ideo -. "Społeczeństwo informacyjne w Polsce w 2016 roku". stat.gov.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2017-02-05.
  13. "Broadband subscription price ranges per megabit per second of advertised speed, with line charges, September 2012, USD PPP", spreadsheet, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 9 July 2013. Retrieved 22 February 2014.
  14. "Netia Blog - Kupiliśmy Telefonię Dialog i Crowley Data Poland". Netia Blog. Retrieved 2017-02-05.
  15. "Vectra kupiła Multimedia Polska, Jan Piotrowski prezesem za Andrzeja Rogowskiego". www.wirtualnemedia.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 20 July 2020.
  16. "Powstała największa kablówka w Polsce. Vectra przejęła Multimedia". Business Insider (in Polish). 1 February 2020. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
  17. "Najszybszy na świecie Internet już w Polsce | Aktualności INEA". www.inea.pl (in Polish).
  18. "Play kupi UPC za 7 mld zł. Iliad chce zbudować nowego czempiona". www.parkiet.com (in Polish).
  19. "Ogromne przejęcie na rynku telekomunikacji. Właściciel sieci Play kupił UPC Polska. Zapowiada przyspieszenie inwestycji". Biznes Wprost (in Polish). 22 September 2021.
  20. "Połączenie z Aster | UPC Polska". Upc.pl. 2012-03-05. Retrieved 2012-03-15.
  21. AVIOS, KORBANK.
  22. "Security Question 2 in Country Report: Poland" Archived 2012-09-08 at the Wayback Machine, BSA Global Cloud Computing Scorecard, Business Software Alliance, 22 February 2012
  23. "Government stopped from preparing ‘illegal’ anti-internet piracy legislation", Polskie Radio, 2 March 2012
  24. "Polish Government Feels Urge to Regulate Internet", Marcin Sobczyk, Wall Street Journal, 16 March 2011
  25. "Poland", Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2012, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 2 April 2013. Retrieved 22 February 2014.
  26. "Poland", Freedom in the World 2013, Freedom House. Retrieved 22 February 2014.
  27. "ACTA's EU future in doubt after Polish pause". ZDNet UK. 3 February 2012. Retrieved 17 June 2013.
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