List of outlaw motorcycle clubs

This is an alphabetical list of notable outlaw motorcycle clubs, including those current, defunct, or historic. An outlaw motorcycle club is a motorcycle subculture that has its roots in the immediate post-World War II era of American society. It is generally centered on the use of cruiser motorcycles, particularly Harley-Davidsons and choppers, and a set of ideals that celebrate freedom, nonconformity to mainstream culture and loyalty to the biker group. In the United States, such motorcycle clubs are considered "outlaw” if they are not registered and sanctioned by the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) and do not adhere to the AMA's rules.

Outlaw motorcycle clubs

Name Year founded Location founded Notes Citations
13th Tribe MC 1968 Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada Patched-over in 1984 to become the Hells Angels Halifax chapter, the first Hells Angels charter in Atlantic Canada. The club's most notable member was Anglo-Canadian criminal mastermind (and current fugitive) David "Wolf" Carroll – who went on to serve as a high-ranking "street lieutenant" for the Hells Angels (Quebec) Nomads after the dissolution of the 13th Tribe Motorcycle Club. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
44 South MC c. late 70s-early 80s Chatham Islands, New Zealand [7][8]
69'ers 1968 Brooklyn, New York, US Active along the Eastern Seaboard of the United States, with chapters in New York, New Jersey, Florida, North Carolina and Pennsylvania. Also has a single chapter in Puerto Rico. [9][10][11][12]
Alky Haulers 1989 San Mateo, California, U.S. The club's name is take on the term "alcoholers". They are exclusive to the U.S. state of California. [13][14][15][16][17]
Animals MC Unknown The Netherlands One of the more-pronounced domestic biker gangs of the Netherlands. They are not to be confused with the former American OMCG of the same name that ended up becoming assimilated into the ranks of the Hells Angels Motorcycle Club. [18][19][20][21][22]
Annihilators Motorcycle Club 1974 Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada Merged with the Loners in June 1999. Led by Canadian gangster Wayne Kellestine, later convicted of the Shedden massacre [23]
Antarctic Angels 1969 Invercargill, New Zealand [24][25][26][27]
Atomes MC Unknown Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada A now-defunct outlaw motorcycle club that was led by Réjean "Farmer" Gilbert. They were ultimately wiped out around 1984 by rival Sherbrooke biker gang, the Gitans. [28][29][30][31]
Aava Gang N/A Western Province, Sri Lanka
Avengers Motorcycle Club 1967 Waterford Township, Michigan, US Has expanded into several of the American States, as well as the Republic of Malta. [32][33][34][35]
Bacchus Motorcycle Club 1972 Albert County, New Brunswick, Canada Said to be one of Canada's oldest outlaw motorcycle gangs, they also stand as one of nation's largest. Its members are known to only ride Harley-Davidson motorbikes. [36]
Bad Disciples MC 2015 Laurentides, Quebec, Canada Group located on the Northern Crown of Montreal, in the Laurentians. This club is sponsored directly by the chapter TR of the Hells Angels [37]
Bandidos 1966 San Leon, Texas, US Worldwide membership, estimated 2,400 members in 210 chapters, in 22 countries. The FBI and the Criminal Intelligence Service Canada have named the Bandidos an "outlaw motorcycle gang". [38]
Barbarian Stormtroopers 1970 South Auckland, New Zealand Occasionally abbreviated as simply "the Stormtroopers", this Ōtara-based bikie gang especially gained widespread eminence in the nation during the 1970s. The club is especially renowned for its rather blatant use of National Socialist (Nazi) regalia. Furthermore, the term "stormtooper(s)" is one of the nicknames given to the historical Sturmabteilung of the Greater German Reich. Despite the group's appropriation of Third Reich paraphernalia, they are not considered to be a Nazist group. [39][40][41][42][43]
Barhoppers 1958 Modesto, California, U.S. [44][45][46][47][48][49]
Black Cattle 1995 Turnov, Czech Republic Czech supporter club for HAMC. [50][51][52]
Black Devils MC 1969 Wiesbaden, Germany Also has a presence in Italy. [53][54][55][56]
Black Diamond Riders 1950 Toronto, Ontario, Canada [57][58][59][60]
Black Iron MC 2005 Brazil [61][62]
Black Pistons 2002 Neuwied, Germany Official Support club of the Outlaws MC. Has approximately 70 domestic chapters in 20 nations.
Black Uhlans c. 1970s Australia [63][64][65][66]
Blue Angels 1963 Glasgow, Scotland Formed by Allan Morrison and Billy Gordon in the Maryhill area of Glasgow, Scotland. Four chapters in Scotland and Leeds.[67]
Bones Motorradclub 1968 Frankfurt, Germany Patched over to the Hells Angels in 1999. [68][69]
Branded Few MC 1969 Reno, Nevada, U.S. One of the oldest one-percenter OMCGs in Northern Nevada. [44][70][71][72][73]
The Breed 1968 Jersey City, New Jersey, US A former one-percenter OMCG that existed within the Northeastern United States. Disbanded in 2006. [74]
Brother Speed 1969 Boise, Idaho, Bend, Oregon US Operates within various states of the American Northwest. Membership reportedly consists of at least 200. [75]
Bullshit MC c. 1970s Amager, Denmark Formed as a merger of two clubs opposed to the Hells Angels' dominance in Scandinavia. Its leaders were ultimately killed by members of the HAMC, resulting in the group's dissolution in 1988. [76][77][78][79]
Caloh Wagoh Main Triad MC 2016 The Netherlands The product of a merger between Trailer Trash MC (one of Holland's largest outlaw motorcycle groups) and a Dutch subset of the Crips street gang, based in the Hague. In addition to the Netherlands, the group also has chapters in Belgium, Suriname, and the United Kingdom. They were suspended by the criminal justice system of the Netherlands on April 19, 2021. A notable portion of its members are of Surinamese descent. [80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87]
Cannonball 1991 Helsinki, Finland The group started out as a Hells Angels support club, before eventually branching off into its own unaffiliated independent entity. [88]
Cavemen MC 1968 Schönenberg-Kübelberg, Germany Founded by United States Armed Forces personnel who were stationed in the Federal Republic of Germany. [89][90]
Chicanos Motorcycle Club 2003 Pritzwalk, Germany With chapters in at least 8 countries, they are one of the most well-known support clubs for the Bandidos MC.
Chieftains MC 1976 Lawrence, Massachusetts They have chapters in two American states (Massachusetts and New Hampshire) as well as parts of Europe (Denmark, Norway, and the Netherlands). [91][92][93][94][95][96]
Chosen Few 1959 Los Angeles, US A mixed race outlaw motorcycle club that mostly, if not solely, resides in California. [97][98]
Club Deroes 1971 Perth, Australia
Coffin Cheaters 1970 Perth, Australia In the 1980s, the gang was among the four dominant outlaw motorcycle clubs in Western Australia. Currently operates charters in Norway, Australia and the United States. [99]
Comanchero 1968 Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Has four chapters in Australia, in addition to having a European presence within Russia, Bosnia and Spain. They are also active in Thailand and the United States. As of 2009, its membership was estimated at anywhere from 80 to 100 members.
Condemned Few 2005 Queens, New York, U.S. [100][101][102][71]
Confederate Cavalry Corps MC 2009 Alabama, US An Alabama-based outlaw motorcycle club which openly promotes Neo-Confederate ideals. Members of the group also exist in Missouri as well as Mississippi. [103][104][105]
Cossacks Motorcycle Club 1969 Tyler, Texas Notable for their involvement in the 2015 Waco shootout. [106][107][108]
Crusaders MC 2006 South Africa Having more than 50 chapters across the nation, they are South Africa's largest outlaw motorcycle clubs. [109][110][111][112]
Cycle Tramps Unknown Birmingham, England [113][114][115][116][117][118]
D.C. Eagles 1963 Chicago, Illinois, U.S. Active in Illinois and Wisconsin with a grand total of four chapters. [44][119][120][121]
Dead Eyes MC Unknown Brockville, Ontario, Canada An Outlaws MC support club in Canada. [122][123][124][125]
Deadly Sins MC Unknown Carson City, Nevada, U.S. An American support club for the Vagos MC. [126][127][128]
Death Riders 1966 Laval, Quebec, Canada Patched over to become the North chapter the Rockers Moto Club (a Hells Angels support club) in the year 2000. [129][130][131][132][133]
Deimos Crew Unknown Quebec, Canada A Quebecker outlaw motorcycle gang associated with the Hells Angels MC. [134][135][136][137][138]
Demon Keepers Unknown Belleville, Ontario, Canada A short-lived Hells Angels puppet club which eventually was shut down in 1994. While the it had been based out of the English-speaking province of Ontario, most of the group's membership consisted of French-Canadians that spoke little English. Its most notable member was Dany Kane. [139][140][141]
Derelicts Motorcycle Club 1968 Benalla, Australia [142][143][144][145]
Descendants MC 1974 South Australia [146][147][148][149][150]
Devil Dolls 1999 San Francisco All-female outlaw motorcycle club formed by Karen Jessica Evans and Theresa Foglio [151]
Devils Army Motorcycle Club 2009 Campbell River, British Columbia A Canadian support/puppet club for the Hells Angels' Haney charter. [152][138][153][154][155][156]
Devils Breed 1976 Honolulu, Hawaii [44][157][158][101][159]
Devils Diciples 1967 Fontana, California, US Although they share the same name, the group is unrelated to the Devils Disciples MC in Northwestern Europe or the Devil's Disciples MC in Quebec. There is also a club in Massachusetts known as the Devil’s Desciples MC that also lacks any connection to this group (aside from the name).
Devil's Disciples Motorcycle Club c. 1960s Quebec, Canada Disbanded by 1975 following a violent turf war with the Popeye Moto Club. Some notable leaders of the Devil's Disciples included Jacques "Coco" Mercier, Gilles Forget, and Claude "Johnny Halliday" Ellefsen. [160][161][162][163][164][30][165][166]
Devils Disciples 1979 Dublin, Republic of Ireland Exclusive to Ireland. Unrelated to the Canadian club of the same name in which is spelled with an apostrophe (Devil's Disciples), nor the American club of the same name that features a deliberate misspelling (Devils Diciples). [167][168][169][170]
Devils Henchmen 1970 Tasmania, Australia [171][172][173][174]
Diablos Motorcycle Club 1999 Pattaya, Thailand Populous support club for the Bandidos MC, mostly active in parts of Europe and Asia.
Diablos 1961 San Bernardino, California, US [175][176]
Dirty Dräggels c. 1980s Malmö, Sweden Co-founded by Thomas Möller. Patched over in 1993 to become the first Hells Angels chapter in the Kingdom of Sweden: Hells Angels Malmö. [177][178][179][180][181][182]
Druids North 1978 Sheffield, United Kingdom [183][184]
El Forastero 1962 Sioux City, Iowa, US Formed by bikers who had been turned down for attempting to establish a chapter of the Satan Slaves Motorcycle Club.
Epitaph Riders 1969 Christchurch, New Zealand Absorbed by the Head Hunters Motorcycle Club. [185][186][187][188][189][190]
Evil Ones Unknown Granby, Quebec, Canada A former Canadian Hells Angels support/puppet club which disbanded in 2001. [191][192][193]
Fates Assembly 1974 Anne Arundel County, Maryland [44][194][195][196][197]
The Finks 1970s Adelaide, South Australia, Australia A majority of the group's members, most of which belonged to the Perth chapter, were patched over to the Mongols Motorcycle Club in 2013.
Foolish Few Unknown Australia [198][199][200]
Forbidden Wheels c. 1968 Detroit, United States [75][201][202][203]
Forty Five/Forty-Fives MC c. 1970s Auckland, New Zealand A major outlaw bikie gang in New Zealand. [204][205][206][207][208][209][210]
Fourth Reich Motorcycle Club Unknown Australia [211][212]
Free Souls 1968 Eugene, Oregon, US
Freeway Rider’s MC 1974 Hagen, Germany They are regarded to be among the oldest outlaw motorcycle clubs in the country. [213][214][215][216][217]
Freewheelers MC 1979 Waterford, Ireland One of the largest one percenter clubs in Ireland. Not to be confused with the Chicago-based group of the same name that was founded in 1968. [218][219][220][221][222][223][69]
Galloping Goose 1942 Los Angeles, US A Hollister riot participant with a predominant presence throughout American Midwest. [224][225]
Gents Motorcycle Club 1965 Las Vegas, US The first MC in Las Vegas and original Red and Gold patch. [226]
Ghetto Riders Late 1970s Camden County, New Jersey, US [227][228][229][230]
Gitans 1967 Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada Initially formed under the name "Dirty Reich". Became integrated into the Hells Angels in 1984 as the Hells Angels' Sherbrooke charter. [231][232][233][234][235][236]
Gladiators Motorcycle Club 1960 Maitland, New South Wales, Australia Regarded as being one of the oldest outlaw motorcycle clubs in the country. They have additional chapters in Bosnia, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, and the United States. [237][238][239]
Goyim Motorcycle Association c. 2000 Hungary [240][241]
Greazy Dogs Unknown Tauranga, New Zealand [242][243][244][245][246]
Gremium 1972 Mannheim, Germany Gremium has over 100 chapters claims to be the largest motorcycle club in Germany. [247]
Grim Reapers 1967 Alberta, Canada Unrelated to the American-based club of the same name. [248]
Grim Reapers MC 1965 Louisville, Kentucky An independent three-piece patch outlaw motorcycle club. The group's members exclusively ride Harley-Davidson motorbikes. [249][250][251]
Gringos MC Unknown Netherlands A former support club for the Rogues MC which later became its own independent outlaw motorcycle group. [18][252][253][21][254]
Gypsy Joker 1956 San Francisco, US Located in Australia, Germany, Norway, South Africa and the United States of America. [255]
Hangmen Motorcycle Club 1960 Richmond, California, US Chapters in Western US, one in Germany [256]:45 [257][258][259]
Head Hunters 1967 West Auckland, New Zealand Having a national presence within the country, the HHMC sustain a reputation as being one of New Zealand's most notorious organized crime groups. [260][261][262]
Heaven's Devils 1964 Milwaukee, Wisconsin, US [263][264][265][266]
Heavens Own MC 1976 Aschaffenburg, Germany [7]
Hells Angels MC 1948 San Bernardino, California, US Worldwide membership, estimated 4,500 members in 35 countries. Supporter clubs & groups include Red & White, Big Red Machine, Red Devils MC, Gate Keepers MC, and many others.
Hell's Lovers 1967 Chicago, US Active across the United States of America, they are a multiracial outlaw biker group.
Helter Skelter Motorcycle Club Unknown Waterbury, Connecticut Rumored to have patched-over to the Outlaws Motorcycle Club. [267][268]
Hermanos MC Unknown Northwestern United States American support/farm club for the larger Bandidos MC. [269][270][271]
Hessians Motorcycle Club 1968 Costa Mesa, California, US A small, but notable, American outlaw motorcycle gang which maintains at least 5 chapters across the nation. [272]
Highway 61 MC 1968 Auckland, New Zealand One of the largest gangs in New Zealand, and for a time, the nation's largest outlaw motorcycle club. Also operates in the Commonwealth of Australia. [273]
Highwaymen 1954 Detroit, US Currently the largest outlaw motorcycle club in the city of Detroit. [274]
Hooligans Motorcycle Club 2017 Sudbury, Ontario, Canada Well known to law enforcement. Hooligans are Sudbury’s #1 outlaw motorcycle gang.

Elite puppet club for the notorious Hells Angels.

Hombres MC 1994 Seattle, Washington, U.S. A part of the Red and Gold Nation with chapters in Washington State, Colorado, and South Dakota. They are known for their fast motorcycles and gorgeous ol ladies. [275][71][276]
Huhu Motorcycle Club c. 1950s Tokoroa, New Zealand [277][278][279][280]
Invaders 1965 Gary, Indiana, U.S. An American-based domestic OMCG which operates across the Midwestern United States. [281]
Iron Coffins 1966 Toledo, Ohio, U.S. Operative mostly in the United States, but also has charters in Germany. [282][283][284][285][286]
Iron Horsemen 1960s Cincinnati, US A major 1%er club in the United States. Despite maintaining a high-profile for themselves in the country, they do not have any international charters and are exclusively domestic.
Iron Order Motorcycle Club 2004 Jeffersonville, Indiana, US Traditional three piece motorcycle club. Not Involved in illegal activities. [287]
Iron Wings MC Unknown Erie, Pennsylvania, US [288][289][290]
Jaguars MC 1984 Spain [291][292][293][294][295]
The Jury Motorcycle Club 1969 Hudson Falls, New York, U.S. [296][297][298][299]
Jus Brothers 1990 San Joaquin County, California, U.S. The organization has grown to four branches based in Stockton, Turlock, San José and an additional Northern Californian group called "the Nomads". [300][301]
Kamikaze Riders 2003 Anderlecht, Belgium Categorized as an outlaw motorcycle gang by the Belgian law enforcement. The organization is especially noteworthy for its ties to radical Islamic terrorist groups such as Daesh. In addition to Belgium, they also have a presence in France as well as Morocco. [302][303][304][305][306][307][308]
Kinfolk 2016 Texas, U.S. [309][310][311][312][313]
Kings Crew Motorcycle Club c. 1977 Alberta, Canada Believed to been patched-over by the Hells Angels sometime in the 1990s. [314][315][316][317][318]
Kings of Cali MC 2004 California, U.S. [319][320][321][322]
Kingsmen MC 1958 Lockport, New York, U.S. [323][324][325][326][327]
Klan MC 1993 Järvenpää, Finland Has chapters in both Finland and Estonia. Maintains an association with the Bandidos MC. [328][329][330]
Kodiaks MC Unknown Thun, Switzerland A European Hells Angels supporter club. [331][332][333][334][335]
LA Riders Unknown Louisiana, U.S. [336][337][338][339][340][341]
Last Chance MC c. 1970s Toronto, Ontario A small, Ontario-based biker gang that eventually patched over to the Hells Angels. [342][165][343][344]
Life and Death MC c. 1970s Western Sydney Founded by Robert Kitchener [237][238]
Lobo MC 1973 Pforzheim, Germany One of Germany's oldest outlaw motorcycle clubs. They have since expanded into Croatia, Spain, and Thailand. [345][346]
Lobos Unknown Windsor, Ontario Canadian outlaw biker group that patched over to the Hells Angels in 2001. [347][348][349][350][351]
Lone Legion Brotherhood Unknown Blenheim, New Zealand [352]
Lone Wolf MC 1971 Australia Australia-based 1%er club with roughly a dozen chapters across the nation. Noted for having many conflicts with the Rebels MC, including a 2014 gang war. [353][354][355][356][357]
Lonely Ones Unknown New York, U.S. Known for their rivalry with the Chosen Few MC. [358][359][44][360]
Loners Motorcycle Club 1984 Woodbridge, Ontario, Canada Co-founded by Frank Lenti. Now an International club with over 30 chapters Worldwide. [361]
Los Bravos Late 1960s Manitoba, Canada Patched over to HAMC in the year 2000. [362][363][364][365][366]
Los Montoneros 2004 Winnipeg, Canada Support club for the more well-known Bandidos MC. It had been formerly led by Michael Sandham, who is currently serving a life sentence for his role in the infamous Shedden massacre of 2006. [367][368][369][370]
Lost Breed 1976 Nelson, New Zealand A now-defunct outlaw biker club which had a very eminent existence in the New Zealand city of Nelson. They were "shut down" by the Hells Angels in 2015. [371]
Mac's MCC/Mac's Bike Club 1980 South Africa Claim to be one of the largest OMCGs in the Republic of South Africa. [372][373][374][375][376][377]
Mad Dog MC 1994 Manila, Philippines Widely regarded as the premier outlaw motorcycle club on the Asian continent. In addition to the Philippines, chapters of the group exist in Thailand, Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore and China. MDMC also has a presence in certain areas of the United States and Europe. [378][379][380]
Magog Motorcycle Club 1974 New Plymouth, New Zealand [204][381][382][383]
Market Street Commandos 1940s San Francisco, US Notable for their participation in the Hollister riot of 1947. They would later merge with the Hells Angels to give birth to the latter's San Francisco charter.
Median Empire MC 2011 Cologne, Germany A German-Kurdish one-percenter MC. [384][385][386][387]
Midwest Drifters Unknown Lake Ozark, Missouri Support club for Galloping Goose Motorcycle Club. [388][389][390][391][392]
Misfits Motorcycle Club Unknown Western United States [393][394][395]
Missiles c. 1960s Jonquière, Quebec, Canada One of the earlier renowned one-percenter motorcycle gangs in Quebec. Rather than becoming incorporated into the one of the Hells Angels charters of Quebec, they continued to exist as their own independent OMCG whilst sustaining a close relationship with the Hells Angels. [396][397]
Mjölnir MC Unknown Belgium [398][399][400]
Mobshitters 1970 Hurstville, New South Wales, Australia A small, but significant, Australian outlaw bikie gang. [401][402]
Mongols 1969 Montebello, California, US Although the club is primarily situated in SoCal, it maintains a nationwide presence and has additional chapters in at least 13 overseas countries. [403]
Moonshiners 1934 Compton, California, US
Morbids MC c. 1990 Helsingborg, Sweden. An early belligerent in what would become the Nordic Biker War. One of its notable members included Michael Ljunggren, a central figure in the conflict. [328][404][405][406]
Mothers Motorcycle Club 1971 Palmerston North, New Zealand [407][408][409]
Muslim Brotherhood Movement MC Unknown Sydney, Australia [410][212][411]
Nomads 1968 Newcastle, Australia Has a substantial amount of both chapters and members across the Commonwealth of Australia.
No Surrender 2013 Zundert, Netherlands One of the most notable outlaw motorcycle clubs to have come out of the Netherlands. With over 1000 members across the globe, they have chapters in Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Sweden, Norway, Spain, Morocco, Turkey, Lebanon, United Kingdom, Thailand, Bosnia, Suriname, Georgia, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, and the United States.
Notorious 2007 Sydney, Australia
Notorious MC 2013 Wuppertal, Germany An independent 1%er OMCG which originated in Germany but has since expanded into England, Spain and Canada.
Odin's Warriors 1975 Brisbane, Australia Known to be rivals with the Outlaws MC. [237][238][412]
OK Riders Unknown Oklahoma, U.S. A Bandidos MC supporter club based in the State of Oklahoma with an additional presence in Arkansas. [413][414][415][416][417][418]
Omens Motorcycle Club Unknown Cleveland, Ohio, U.S. [419][420][421][422]
Order of Blood MC 2005 Ohio, U.S. Sanctioned by the Ohio Aryan Brotherhood prison gang. [423][70][424]
Original Red Devils Motorcycle Club 1948 Hamilton, Ontario, Canada [425][426][427]
Osmanen Germania c. 2014–2015 Hessen, Germany Banned by the Federal Ministry of the Interior in 2018. [428][429][430][431][432][433]
Outcast 1969 Detroit, Michigan, U.S. All-black OMCG active in Detroit and the Southern United States. Noted for their standing rivalry with the Wheels of Soul Motorcycle Club. [75][434][435][436]
Outcasters 1984 Brooklyn, New York, U.S. [437][438]
Outcasts 1960s Sydney, Australia [237]
Outlaws 1935 McCook, Illinois, US With an estimated 176 chapters across the globe, they prevail as one of the world's most powerful OMCGs. [439][440]
Outsider MC 1973 Innsbruck, Austria In addition to having a strong presence in Austria, this multi-national club also operates chapters in Germany, Thailand, and the Philippines. [441][442][443]
Overkill MC Unknown Helsinki, Finland [444][445][329][446][447]
Pacific Rebels Unknown Quebec, Canada Headed by Serge "Gallo" Beaulieu. Would later evolve into Rock Machine MC. [448][30][449][450]
Pagan's 1959 Prince George's County, Maryland, US Regarded by law enforcement to be among the largest and most criminogenic outlaw motorcycle gangs in the United States. [451][452]
Para-Dice Riders c. 1960 Toronto, Canada A notable one-percenter group from Toronto that had been once among the strongest outlaw motorcycle clubs in the province of Ontario. They ultimately merged with the Hells Angels Motorcycle Club in 2001. Canadian criminal David Atwell was a member of the Para-Dice Riders. [69][453][165][454][455][456][457][458][459]
Peckerwoods 1987 Santee, California, US A (strictly) all-white outlaw motorcycle club in the United States. This small organization has been the subject of notoriety due to its connections with the American white supremacist movement. [460][461][462][463]
Phantom/Phantom Outlaw MC 1969 Chicago, US A U.S.-based African-American outlaw motorcycle group that has a notably strong relationship with the Vice Lords street gang. [464][465][75][466]
Pissed Off Bastards of Bloomington 1945 Bloomington, California, US Members of the group played an integral role in the highly-publicized Hollister Invasion.
Popeye Moto Club 1950s-1960s Montreal, Quebec Absorbed by the Hells Angels in 1977 to become the very first Hells Angels Motorcycle Club chapter in all of Canada. [467][468][469]
Rebel Rousers MC 1965 North Carolina, U.S. [44][71][470][471]
Rebels 1969 Brisbane, Australia Originally known as the Confederates, this outlaw OMCG has 70-something chapters worldwide and is the largest in Australia.
Rebels 1968 Red Deer, Alberta, Canada [472]
Red Devils Motorcycle Club c. 2001 Sweden The largest and most prominent support club for the Hells Angels MC. Active in nearly 20 countries. [473][474][475]
Redliners 1995 Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada A Canadian outlaw biker club set up by fellow Hells Angels support group: the Rockers. [476][477][478][479][480][69]
Red & White Crew 2001 Sweden Swedish support crew for HAMC. [481][482][483][484]
Rednecks MC Unknown Sweden [485][486][487]
Renegades MC 1970 Eastern United States In addition to the United States, the groups has chapters in Ireland, England and Australia [488][489][490]
Road Barons Unknown Louisiana, U.S. [491][44][266][417][492]
Road Knights 1979 Timaru, New Zealand As of 2009, Road Knights membership in New Zealand was low and former leadership had dispersed, died or gone to jail. [493][494][495]
Road Rats 1960s London, England, U.K. Said to be one of England's oldest outlaw motorcycle clubs.
Road Runners 1978 Silesia, Poland In addition to Poland, they are located in Germany, Switzerland and the US. There exist more motorcycle clubs called Road Runners MC, but these are unrelated to this particular group. [9]:177
Road Tramps 1987 Limerick, Ireland [496][497][498][499]
Rock Machine 1986 Montreal, Quebec, Canada One of the two primary belligerents in the Quebec Biker War (the other being the Hells Angels). The club was founded by Salvatore Cazzetta [500]
Rockers Motor Club 1992 Montreal, Quebec, Canada A Québécois Hells Angels support club who were especially notable for their involvement in the Quebec Biker War. Some of its most notable members were Gregory Woolley, Aimé Simard and Dany Kane. [69][501][502][503]
Rowdies MC 1974 Trondheim, Norway [504][505][506][507][508][509]
Rum Pot Rustlers Unknown Somerville, Massachusetts [510][511][101][512][513]
Saddle Tramps Unknown Missouri, U.S. [514][515][516][517]
Sadistic Souls Motorcycle Club 2010 Wood River, Illinois, US Primarily active in the Midwestern U.S. but also has chapters in New Zealand, Australia, and the United Kingdom. Maintains strong ties with the United Klans of America and The Creativity Movement. Likewise, they are listed by the Southern Poverty Law Center as being an active neo-Nazi hate group in the United States. [518][519]
Salty Souls Unknown Canada [520][521][522][523]
Satan's Choice MC 1965 Oshawa, Ontario, Canada During the 1970s, the group had been regarded as being Canada's largest outlaw motorcycle club. Founded by Bernie Guindon. [524][525][526][527][528]
Satan's Riders Unknown Tasmania, Australia [529][64][530][531][532]
Satan's Sidekicks c. 1970s Detroit, US An all-black outlaw biker group situated within the Midwestern United States. [533][534]
Satan's Soldiers 1980 N/A; disputed Although said to be founded in either The State of New York or Victoria (Australia), the location and year of its origin remain a subject of dispute. In the Australia, the group's name is written with an apostrophe – while the United States' charters do not include this detail in the context of their spelling. Unlike most other motorcycle clubs, Satans Soldiers MC uses a different patch for its Australian branch than its United States chapter – despite both departments belonging to the same group. [535][536][537][538]

[539][540]

Satan's Tramps Unknown Monroe, Louisiana, U.S. [541][542][517][543]
Satans Slaves c. 1967 Shipley, West Yorkshire, U.K. Mostly situated in England but have a single chapter in Scotland as well as a growing presence in Germany. This particular one-percenter club is unrelated to the now-defunct American club of the same name. They are also not to be confused with the Wellington-based Satan's Slaves Motorcycle Club, who include an apostrophe in the spelling of their name. [544][545][546][547][548][69]
Satudarah 1990 Moordrecht, Netherlands Affirms that it welcomes members of all races into the club. Outlawed within the Netherlands in 2018 by the Dutch justice system.
Schutzstaffel MC Unknown Florida, US A very small neo-Nazi biker gang located in Florida. The group takes its name from the Nazi Party's military wing. [463][70]
Schwarze Schar MC 2008 Wismar, Germany Notorious for its (past) connections to right wing extremism and neo-Nazism alike. Banned in late 2013 by then-minister of the interiorLorenz Caffier. [549][550][551]
Scorpions MC 1965 Detroit, Michigan, U.S. [321][552]
Screwdrivers MC ~1984-1985 Hamar, Norway Perpetrators of the 1997 Drammen bombing on behalf of the Hells Angels. [553][554][555][556][557]
Sin City Deciples 1966 Gary, Indiana, US One of the most established, extensive and oldest African-American outlaw motorcycle clubs of the US. [558]
Sinn Fein MC c. 1970s Upper Hutt, New Zealand Patched over to the Head Hunters MC in 2011. [559][560][208][561][407]
Solo Angeles 1959 Tijuana, Mexico
Solutions Motorcycle Club Unknown Pacific Northwest, U.S. Support club for Gypsy Jokers. [562][563][564]
Sons of Aesir 2005 Arizona, US An independent outlaw motorcycle club based out of Arizona. They have been described as a neo-Nazi white supremacist biker gang by the Anti Defamation League. [104][565][103]
Sons of Satan 1954 Lancaster, Pennsylvania, US A support club for the Pagan's MC. [566]
Sons of Silence 1966 Niwot, Colorado, US For a time, the group was designated by federal law enforcement as one of the "big five" motorcycle gangs in the US. Though mostly known to be a US-based club, the Sons of Silence also manages chapters in Germany.
Soul Brothers MC 1967 East Palo Alto, California A long-standing American multiracial outlaw motorcycle club. They have chapters in the states of Arizona, California, Florida, Nevada, Texas, and Washington. [567]
Southern Brotherhood MC 1995 Alabama, US In addition to Alabama, they also claim members in Georgia, Mississippi, Florida, Indiana and Texas. [104][568][569]
Southern Vikings Unknown New Zealand [570][571][572][573]
Spartans 1967 Elmwood, Winnipeg, Canada Along with Los Bravos, they were one of Winnipeg's first outlaw biker gangs. [362][478][574][575][576][577]
Sundowners 1964 Ogden, Utah, U.S. Maintains chapters in the American states of Utah, Nevada, California, Colorado, Wisconsin, and Florida. [578][579][580][581]
S.S. MC 1978 Montreal East, Quebec, Canada A small, but major, (now-defunct) white supremacist outlaw motorcycle club in Quebec led by Salvatore Cazzetta and Maurice Boucher. [582][583][584][585][586]
Tehuelches MC 1998 Argentina Also has a presence in Chile. [587][588][589][590][591][592]
Talon MC 1988 New Hampshire, U.S. Chapters throughout The State of New Hampshire [593]
Templars MC Unknown Christchurch, New Zealand Formerly known as the Templeton Motorcycle Club. [594][595][596]
Thug Riders ~2000-2001 New Jersey, U.S. [597][598][599][600][601]
Top Hatters 1947 Hollister, California, US Established in the late Forties, they claim to be one of the oldest outlaw motorcycle clubs in the United States of America. [9]:200 [256]:28[602]
Trailer Trash Travellers 2004 The Netherlands A large Dutch outlaw motorcycle group who are regarded as one of the "big five" biker gangs in the country. More commonly referred to as "Trailer Trash MC". [18][603][604][252][605][606]
Tri Dorogi MC Unknown Zelenograd, Russia [607][608][609]
Tribesmen Motorcycle Club 1980 Murupara, New Zealand A prominent Māori bikie gang in New Zealand. [186][610][611][612][613]
Trust Motorcycle Club 1984 Ergoldsbach, Germany [614][615][616]
Tyrants MC Unknown New Zealand [617][618][619][620]
Undertakers MC Unknown North Zealand, Denmark Originally known as the Morticians MC, they were the precursor to the Danish chapter of the Bandidos MC. [621][622][486][623][624][328][446]
Unionen MC Unknown Copenhagen, Denmark [625][626][627]
Unknown Bikers 1974 Brooklyn, New York, U.S. Over the years, they have branched-out transnationally into Iceland, Poland, and Puerto Rico. [628][629]
Vagos 1966 San Bernardino, California, U.S. Regarded as one of the largest and most powerful one-percenter biker gangs in the United States.
Vagabonds MC 1962 Toronto, Ontario, Canada [138][630][631][632][628]
Vendettas Motorcycle Club 2009 Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Vietnam Vets MC/Legacy Vets MC c. 1982 Colorado, U.S. They do not claim outlaw/one percenter status however have been included in Outlaw Motorcycle Gang listing by state and federal agencies including California, Camp Pendleton, Massachusetts, Texas and the National Gang Intelligence Center [633]
Waardeloos 1988 Finsterwolde, The Netherlands A Dutch one-percenter motorcycle gang which started out as a Hells Angels support club before becoming an independent entity in 2014. [634][635][254][636]
Warlocks 1967 Philadelphia, US Said to be the very first one-percenter club to be founded in the state of Pennsylvania. Allied with the Philly mob and Wheels of Soul MC.
Warlocks 1967 Orlando, Florida, US Has chapters in various parts of the United States in addition to Canada, the United Kingdom and Germany.
Wheels of Soul 1967 Philadelphia, US A predominantly black (but multiracial) one-percenter club. [637][638]
Wild Horde 1994 South Bohemian Region, Czech Republic [639][640][641]
Wild Ones Unknown Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Operated as a recruiting instrument as well as a "farm team" for the more-prominent Satan's Choice Motorcycle Club. One of the group's most notable members was Wolodumir "Walter" Stadnick, a future National President of the Canadian Hells Angels. The organization disbanded around 1979. [642][643][644]
Wino's Crew 1996 Fort Worth, Texas, U.S. Established by former members of the Boozefighters MC, including Wino Willie Forkner – who the club is named after. Predominantly based across the United States, they manage chapters in Norway, England, Finland, and at one time, Germany. [645][646][647][319][648]
Yellow Snakes MC Unknown Netherlands [649][650][651][652][653]
Zulus 1969 Akron, Ohio, US Known for being one of the first Afro-American 1%er clubs in the United States. [654][655][656]

See also

References

  1. "Man on trial for double murder in N.D.G. Reveals tie to one Quebec's most wanted criminals". Montreal Gazette.
  2. Schneider, Stephen (9 December 2009). Iced: The Story of Organized Crime in Canada. ISBN 978-0-470-83500-5.
  3. Schneider, Stephen (15 December 2017). Canadian Organized Crime. ISBN 978-1-77338-024-7.
  4. "About 200 members of a motorcycle gang known as..." UPI.
  5. Wolf, Daniel R. (January 1991). The Rebels: A Brotherhood of Outlaw Bikers. ISBN 978-0-8020-7363-1.
  6. Lavigne, Yves (1989). Hell's Angels: "Three Can Keep a Secret if Two Are Dead". ISBN 978-0-8184-0514-3.
  7. https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10092/953/thesis_fulltext.pdf?sequence=2
  8. "Remote access: An inside look at the lives and landscapes of the Chatham Islands".
  9. Hayes, Bill (2011), The One Percenter Encyclopedia: The World of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs from Abyss Ghosts to Zombies Elite, Motorbooks, ISBN 978-1-61059-801-9, archived from the original on 2016-02-13, retrieved 2015-04-16
  10. Deputies: Biker gang member found dead in Spring Hill driveway Archived 2019-02-14 at the Wayback Machine. Tampa Bay Times. January 16, 2019
  11. Violent feud led up to slaying of Pasco Outlaws leader. It started with stolen biker vests. Tampa Bay Times. December 31, 2018
  12. "69ers MC (Motorcycle Club)". 25 October 2015.
  13. "18 months for Road Dog Cycle defendant". www.turlockjournal.com.
  14. "Indictments snare bikers, Stanislaus County lawmen | The Modesto Bee". Archived from the original on 2016-03-25.
  15. "Alky Haulers MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. December 30, 2016.
  16. "Manteca man enters guilty plea in Road Dog Cycle case". www.mantecabulletin.com.
  17. Hayes, Bill (April 3, 2018). The One Percenter Encyclopedia: The World of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs from Abyss Ghosts to Zombies Elite. Motorbooks. ISBN 978-0-7603-6053-8 via Google Books.
  18. https://veiligheidscoalitie.nl/action/?action=download&id=1957
  19. https://1percent.nl/PDF/Handboek1percentMCsInNederland.pdf
  20. "Wat moet je weten over de motorbendes in Limburg?". 1Limburg | Nieuws en sport uit Limburg. November 17, 2016.
  21. Jong, Daan de (May 20, 2017). "Outlaw Motorclubs in Nederland: een beschrijvend overzicht van 15 clubs".
  22. https://www.politieacademie.nl/kennisenonderzoek/kennis/mediatheek/PDF/94164.pdf
  23. "The Facts Behind Biker Gangs". The London Free Press. April 18, 1998. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved December 1, 2017.
  24. "Loading... | Collections Online – Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa". collections.tepapa.govt.nz.
  25. "Convivial bikers? The 1950s gatekeepers didn't see that coming". Stuff. February 7, 2019.
  26. "The Epitaph Riders are no more". Dr Jarrod Gilbert Sociologist.
  27. "Devils Henchmen MC: Celebrating 40 years of Brotherhood".
  28. Schneider, Stephen (December 9, 2009). Iced: The Story of Organized Crime in Canada. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-83500-5 via Google Books.
  29. "Le chapitre de Sherbrooke de retour sur le terrain". Le Nouvelliste. December 20, 2020.
  30. https://www.memoireduquebec.com/wiki/index.php?title=Guerre_des_gangs_-_%C3%89ph%C3%A9m%C3%A9rides_-_1945-1994-_%28organisation_criminelle%29
  31. "HASherbrookeChapter". www.oocities.org.
  32. Barker, Thomas (April 24, 2018). The Outlaw Biker Legacy of Violence. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-05363-1 via Google Books.
  33. Press conference, Avengers Motorcylce Gang members arrested. Charleston Gazette-Mail. March 29, 2012. Archived from the original on November 4, 2021. Retrieved April 17, 2022 via YouTube.
  34. "Avengers MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. August 12, 2016.
  35. "About". Avengers MC National.
  36. "Bacchus motorcycle gang moves to Halifax". The Chronicle Herald. May 30, 2014. Archived from the original on September 15, 2014. Retrieved November 4, 2014.
  37. Teisceira-Lessard, Philippe (October 11, 2016), "Un employé du PQ en concert pour des motards", La Presse (in French), archived from the original on October 28, 2016, retrieved October 27, 2016
  38. "2005 National Gang Threat Assessment" (PDF). Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA), U.S. Department of Justice.: 14. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2005-12-22. Retrieved 2005-12-22. All of the major OMGs have support clubs that serve as a recruitment source and as foot soldiers in conducting criminal activities. The Hells Angels’ principal support club is the Red Devils, the Outlaws have the Black Pistons. The Pagans have the Tribe and the Blitzkrieg and Thunderguards (in Maryland). The Bandidos have several support clubs, including the Amigos, Pistoleros, LA Riders, Hombres, and Hermanos. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  39. "Rising gang numbers a worry". Otago Daily Times Online News. August 11, 2018.
  40. "The Stormtroopers | NZETC". nzetc.victoria.ac.nz.
  41. "The Enduring Challenge of Gang Crime in New Zealand". Intelligence Fusion.
  42. "Barbarian Stormtrooper Aotearoa gang seek to gain foothold in Oamaru: police". NZ Herald.
  43. Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu. "Stormtroopers interview". teara.govt.nz.
  44. https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/Digitization/147691NCJRS.pdf
  45. http://www.stanislaus-da.org/pdf/news/2009/press-release-gary-05-28-2009.pdf
  46. "prospect killed in modesto". The Los Angeles Times. October 14, 1980. p. 25 via newspapers.com.
  47. https://www.mercedsunstar.com/news/local/crime/article17905661.html
  48. (State), California. "California. Court of Appeal (5th Appellate District). Records and Briefs: F001160, Petition for Review" via Google Books.
  49. "United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Dennis Swingler, Jack E. Houser, Jr., Ralph W. Vicory, Jamesd. Jahnke, Jerald W. Richardson, Larry Leerichardson, Defendants-appellants, 758 F.2d 477 (10th Cir. 1985)". Justia Law.
  50. Hayes, Bill (3 April 2018). The One Percenter Encyclopedia: The World of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs from Abyss Ghosts to Zombies Elite. ISBN 978-0-7603-6055-2.
  51. "Úvod – Bikeshow – Black Cattle MC Turnov". www.bikeshow.cz.
  52. "Kumpáni Czech – Odkazy".
  53. "Trauer um Manfred Meyer". 12 January 2009.
  54. "Tausende Rocker erobern Diedenbergen". 7 August 2009.
  55. "Black Devils MC Germany".
  56. Maus, Robert. "Motorradclub "Black Devils": Die Rückkehr der schwarzen Teufel". Faz.net.
  57. Lewis, Michael (November 12, 2016). "The legend of late Toronto biker Johnny Sombrero lives on". Toronto Star.
  58. "When Satan's Choice drew a line". wheels.ca. 9 January 2010.
  59. Wolf, Daniel R. (January 1, 1991). The Rebels: A Brotherhood of Outlaw Bikers. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-0-8020-7363-1 via Google Books.
  60. Edwards, Peter (May 2, 2017). Hard Road: Bernie Guindon and the Reign of the Satan's Choice Motorcycle Club. Random House of Canada. ISBN 978-0-345-81608-5 via Google Books.
  61. The One Percenter Encyclopedia: The World of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs from Abyss Ghosts to Zombies Elite. Motorbooks. 3 April 2018. ISBN 978-0-7603-6053-8.
  62. Hayes, Bill (3 April 2018). The One Percenter Encyclopedia: The World of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs from Abyss Ghosts to Zombies Elite. ISBN 978-0-7603-6053-8.
  63. Murphy, Padraic (January 30, 2014). "Black Uhlans among worst of bikies".
  64. "Bikies from rival gangs join forces to create Tasmania's first Nomads chapter". ABC News. August 31, 2018 via www.abc.net.au.
  65. "Black Uhlans MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. February 2, 2017.
  66. Thompson, Angela (July 1, 2018). "Why Raptor moved south to crush the Illawarra's new outlaw bikie gangs". Illawarra Mercury.
  67. "US". independent.co.uk. Archived from the original on 9 June 2008. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
  68. "Aufmarsch der Giganten" [March of the giants], Focus (in German)
  69. https://info.publicintelligence.net/LA-OutlawBikers.pdf
  70. https://www.adl.org/sites/default/files/documents/assets/pdf/combating-hate/ADL_CR_Bigots_on_Bikes_online.pdf
  71. "Motorcycle Club Links".
  72. "Woman arrested in connection with alleged outlaw biker gang". www.nnbw.com.
  73. "Biker jacket to cost $104,000". www.nnbw.com.
  74. "Information on The Breed". Mafianj.com. 2012-09-13. Archived from the original on 2013-07-01. Retrieved 2012-12-10.
  75. "The Most Dangerous Biker Gangs in America". Complex.
  76. "Bikers bring hell to a haven in Scandinavia".
  77. Klement, Christian (8 May 2019). "Outlaw biker violence and retaliation". PLOS ONE. 14 (5): e0216109. Bibcode:2019PLoSO..1416109K. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0216109. PMC 6505941. PMID 31067254.
  78. "Rockerne i Bullshit ejede deres kærester. Nu fortæller kvinderne deres egen historie". www.vice.com.
  79. Kragh, Ambro (10 April 2017). Englenes gerninger. ISBN 9788702226904.
  80. "Politie zag hoe Richard Z. gebouw Panorama verkende, maar voorkwam aanslag niet". nos.nl.
  81. "Caloh Wagoh beschouwd als geweldsorganisatie". 24 November 2018.
  82. "Drugs, torture and turf war: Europe's biker clubs turn nasty". 13 August 2020.
  83. "Is Caloh Wagoh also in the list of banned motorcycle gangs? | tellerreport.com". www.tellerreport.com.
  84. Vugts, Paul (November 26, 2018). "Tweede kroongetuige verklaart over liquidatie Jaïr Wessels". Het Parool.
  85. "Motorclub Caloh Wagoh verboden en ontbonden door rechtbank". 19 April 2021.
  86. "Motorclub Caloh Wagoh verboden wegens 'cultuur van geweld'". 19 April 2021.
  87. "Strafzaak Eris ('Caloh Wagoh')". www.rechtspraak.nl.
  88. Police hit biker gang HQ in Helsinki Yle (4 June 2015)
  89. "Unerwarteter Besuch – Rheinland-Pfalz". www.rheinpfalz.de.
  90. "Hells Angels – Unionpedia".
  91. mar 2010, Clock 31; Journalist, kl 14:07 Bemærk: Artiklen er mere end 30 dage gammel Karin Charity Søkilde Journalist Ernst Møller. "Rockeroptog i Esbjerg". TV SYD.
  92. Kragh, Ambro (April 10, 2017). Englenes gerninger. Gyldendal A/S. ISBN 9788702226904 via Google Books.
  93. Barker, Thomas (April 24, 2018). The Outlaw Biker Legacy of Violence. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-05363-1 via Google Books.
  94. Børfjord, Frode N. (February 7, 2011). "Hells Angels til kamp mot Bandidos". NRK.
  95. "Chieftains MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. August 21, 2016.
  96. Diverse, - (March 30, 2017). Dansk Kriminalreportage 2002. Lindhardt og Ringhof. ISBN 9788711750353 via Google Books.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  97. Levingston, Tobie Gene; Zimmerman, Kent (2004), Soul on bikes: the East Bay Dragons MC and the Black biker set, MotorBooks International, p. 199, ISBN 0-7603-1747-X
  98. Simmons, Ann (14 July 2011). "Chosen Few motorcycle gang is targeted in crackdown". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
  99. Robinson, Russell (24 March 2007). "Bikie gangs run nightclub drug scene". The Australian.
  100. "Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs". Gang Enforcement.
  101. http://forum.mastermason.com/uploads/1/2010-US-Outlaw-Motorcycle-Gangs-Map.pdf
  102. "New York Clubs & Organizations".
  103. "Bigots on Bikes: The Growing Links between White Supremacists and Biker Gangs" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-11-12. Retrieved 2019-10-14.
  104. "Report: White Supremacist Biker Gangs Growing Nationwide". Anti-Defamation League. Archived from the original on 2020-11-09. Retrieved 2019-12-19.
  105. Barker, Thomas (2014-10-17). Biker Gangs and Transnational Organized Crime. ISBN 978-1-317-52410-6. Archived from the original on 2020-11-09. Retrieved 2019-12-18.
  106. "15 Things You Didn't Know About the Cossacks Motorcycle Club". 11 April 2020.
  107. "Cossacks Motorcycle Club: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know". 18 May 2015.
  108. "What Is The Cossacks Motorcycle Club? Allegedly Involved In Sunday's Incident With The Bandidos, The Group Is Significantly Less Notorious". Bustle.
  109. "History". Archived from the original on 2020-12-03.
  110. "Crusaders MC riding for charity in South Africa". May 19, 2020.
  111. "In Pictures | Inside the ranks of the Crusaders Motorcycle Club SA". TimesLIVE.
  112. "The parts junkie who gets high on speed". October 2, 2014.
  113. "Murder of Hell's Angel linked to drugs deal row". Independent.co.uk. 22 October 2011.
  114. "Riders on the storm". TheGuardian.com. 13 February 1999.
  115. "Road Rats MC (Motorcycle Club)". 22 October 2016.
  116. "They Branded it the Battle of Hurst Street between a biker gang and taxi drivers in fancy dress". 12 August 2019.
  117. Thompson, Tony (30 July 2013). Outlaws: One Man's Rise Through the Savage World of Renegade Bikers, Hell's Angels and Gl obal Crime. ISBN 978-1-101-61366-5.
  118. "Brotherhood with history of bad blood".
  119. https://www.doj.state.wi.us/sites/default/files/2008-news/northeast-wi-gang-assessment-20081110.pdf
  120. Dirr, Duke Behnke, and Alison. "Police wary of retaliation for Neenah shooting". The Post-Crescent.
  121. Briquelet, Kate (January 29, 2016). "A Cover-Up Worse Than 'Making a Murderer'?". The Daily Beast via www.thedailybeast.com.
  122. "Weapons, vests belonging to Dead Eyes MC seized after search by Brockville police – Kingston | Globalnews.ca". Global News.
  123. "Updated: Biker bust suspect arrested". recorder.ca.
  124. "Three nabbed in Brockville biker raid". recorder.ca. Archived from the original on 2020-01-11. Retrieved 2021-11-15.
  125. "Biker gangs nothing new: Chief". recorder. Archived from the original on 2021-10-31. Retrieved 2021-11-15.
  126. Throttle, Insane (July 29, 2019). "Alleged leader of local 'outlaw motorcycle club' Deadly Sins Motorcycle Club arrested on plethora of charges by SET, Tri-County Gang Unit. Ties to Vagos MC".
  127. "Prez of Vagos support club chapter arrested in Nevada". July 27, 2019.
  128. "Alleged leader of local Deadly Sins MC arrested".
  129. "Les Brotherhood sont bien implantés à Laval". TVA Nouvelles.
  130. "AmericanMafia.com - Feature Articles 114". www.americanmafia.com.
  131. "Quebec's biker war started 25 years ago today". Montreal Gazette.
  132. Thibault, Eric. "Dans l'antichambre d'une guerre sans merci". Le Journal de Montréal.
  133. "Une nouvelle garde rapprochée pour les Hells Angels de Montréal". La Presse. July 31, 2014.
  134. "Des motards ne pourront pas retrouver leurs couleurs". Les 2 Rives.
  135. "Les groupes de motards se multiplient au Québec". TVA Nouvelles.
  136. St-Yves, Amélie. "La SQ frappe les Hells en Mauricie". Le Journal de Montréal.
  137. ICI.Radio-Canada.ca, Zone Justice et faits divers-. "Stupéfiants : les Hells Angels de la section de Trois-Rivières dominent le territoire". Radio-Canada.ca.
  138. "Notable Clubs with a Presence in Canada" via www.pressreader.com.
  139. Sher, Julian; Marsden, William (June 11, 2010). The Road to Hell: How the Biker Gangs are Conquering Canada. Knopf Canada. ISBN 978-0-307-36586-6 via Google Books.
  140. Caine, Alex (January 8, 2013). Charlie and the Angels: The Outlaws, the Hells Angels and the Sixty Years War. Random House of Canada. ISBN 978-0-307-35896-7 via Google Books.
  141. "DannyKane.page". Archived from the original on 2021-11-08.
  142. Commission, Supplied: Australian Crime (June 6, 2018). "Australia's 44 outlaw motorcycle gangs". ABC News.
  143. Spooner, Rania; Rucci, Nino (November 9, 2013). "Vikings bikies look to move to Australia's 'cannabis capital'". Glen Innes Examiner.
  144. Murphy, Padraic (December 3, 2013). "Standover fears for social bikies".
  145. Oakes, Dan (November 22, 2012). "Police cancel bikies' gun licences". The Age.
  146. Cosenza, Emily (December 22, 2020). "Descendants bikie gang leaders to be deported from Australia".
  147. "Bikies sentenced over car yard brawl started over member's dispute over sale". ABC News. September 13, 2021 via www.abc.net.au.
  148. "Descendants bikie gang brothers Tom and Perry Mackie will be deported back to New Zealand". NZ Herald.
  149. "Bikies agree to anti-fortification order on clubhouse walls". PerthNow. May 21, 2015.
  150. "Bikie power play: Secret talks over gang leadership". Sound Telegraph. February 5, 2021.
  151. Yeung, Bernice (December 27, 2000). "Biker Babes". SF Weekly. Archived from the original on April 28, 2018. Retrieved April 26, 2018.
  152. "Killing of man followed dispute with bikers at nightclub, trial told". Victoria Times Colonist.
  153. "Campbell River Devils Army president granted bail in homicide case". Campbell River Mirror. January 11, 2019.
  154. "B.C. police officers raid Campbell River motorcycle gang clubhouse – BC | Globalnews.ca". Global News.
  155. "REAL SCOOP: Devils Army leader Ricky Alexander charged with murder". vancouversun.
  156. "Devil's Army clubhouse, affiliated with Hells Angels near Langford school | CBC News".
  157. "Devils Breed MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. January 6, 2017.
  158. Hayes, Bill (April 3, 2018). The One Percenter Encyclopedia: The World of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs from Abyss Ghosts to Zombies Elite. Motorbooks. ISBN 978-0-7603-6055-2 via Google Books.
  159. "HR165.DOC". www.capitol.hawaii.gov.
  160. "How Canada's Most Prolific Hit Man Turned Informant on the Hells Angels". www.vice.com.
  161. Langton, Jerry (October 7, 2010). Showdown: How the Outlaws, Hells Angels and Cops Fought for Control of the Streets. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-67878-7 via Google Books.
  162. Charbonneau, Renee. "Motorcycling in Canada – A Ride Through our History – Part 8". bustedknucklechronicles.com.
  163. Edwards, Peter; Auger, Michel (November 16, 2012). The Encyclopedia of Canadian Organized Crime: From Captain Kidd to Mom Boucher. McClelland & Stewart. ISBN 9780771030499 via Google Books.
  164. Cherry, Paul (January 5, 2006). The Biker Trials: Bringing Down the Hells Angels. ECW Press. ISBN 978-1-55490-250-7 via Google Books.
  165. "Biker gangs in Canada | CBC News".
  166. "Motards et mafia: une ligne de plus en plus diffuse". La Presse. May 8, 2018.
  167. "Stripping rival biker of colours 'led to murder'".
  168. "Suspended sentence for gun possession".
  169. "Devils Disciples MC (Ireland) – Motorcycle Clubs".
  170. "Devils Disciples not so fearsome after all".
  171. "Devil's Henchman denies killing Lisa Blakie".
  172. "Gangbusters: Patches on the rise as NZ gang scene 'revitalised'".
  173. "Devils Henchmen MC: Celebrating 40 years of Brotherhood".
  174. "Tujunga's Bikers Mellow as They and the Area Age". Los Angeles Times. 6 May 2001.
  175. https://www.justice.gov/archive/ndic/pubs/658/658p.pdf
  176. "Information on Diablos". Archived from the original on October 21, 2008.
  177. "Hd.se/Helsingborg/ - Hells Angels firar tio år i Helsingborg". 28 February 2006.
  178. "Dirty Dräggels_reportage-1990 – video Dailymotion". 15 February 2008.
  179. "10 fakta du antagligen inte visste om Hells Angels". 15 September 2016.
  180. Diverse (6 May 2019). Nordisk kriminalkrönika 1996. ISBN 9788711873434.
  181. http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:276725/FULLTEXT01.pdf
  182. Nyheter, S. V. T. (September 21, 2006). "Här finns de kriminella mc-gängen". SVT Nyheter via www.svt.se.
  183. "Hundreds of bikers form funeral cavalcade for 'Geordie'". thestar.co.uk. Archived from the original on 9 February 2018. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
  184. "Bikers Jailed for Attack on TE". sunderlandecho.com. Archived from the original on 9 February 2018. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
  185. "Notorious gangs eye up Christchurch". Stuff. July 8, 2013.
  186. Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu. "Motorcycle and white supremacist gangs". teara.govt.nz.
  187. "Jarrod Gilbert: Gang brotherhood opens gates of hell". NZ Herald.
  188. "Born to be wild" via www.pressreader.com.
  189. Newbold, Greg (June 3, 2016). Crime, Law and Justice in New Zealand. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-27561-9 via Google Books.
  190. "Gangs set to face off over drug dealings" via www.pressreader.com.
  191. "Huge biker raid nets 40 arrests in Outaouais | CBC News".
  192. "Retour aux sources pour les Hells Angels". La Presse. July 21, 2017.
  193. "Les Evil Ones démantelés à Granby". TVA Nouvelles.
  194. "OUTLAW BIKER GANGS LARGER, MORE VIOLENT - The Washington Post". The Washington Post.
  195. Fesperman, Dan. "SPREADING THEIR WINGS". baltimoresun.com.
  196. "Manassas Outlaws bike gang members arrested in sweep". Washington Examiner. June 16, 2010.
  197. "Fates Assembly MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. September 19, 2016.
  198. "Foolish Few bikies sail on Spirit". March 2017.
  199. https://amp.heraldsun.com.au/ipad/victoria-police-taskforce-to-take-on-outlaw-bikie-gangs/news-story/7a5344b54d40623f7be3db713b952ace
  200. https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/services/Download/uon:3528/ATTACHMENT01
  201. Barker, Thomas (April 24, 2018). The Outlaw Biker Legacy of Violence. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-05363-1 via Google Books.
  202. "Forbidden Wheels MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. August 14, 2016.
  203. Burnstein, Scott (July 2, 2014). "Biker Gangs In The Motor City: A History of Riding Rough".
  204. Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu. "Motorcycle gangs". teara.govt.nz.
  205. "Secrecy surrounds gang club house". Stuff. January 31, 2009.
  206. Hayes, Bill (April 3, 2018). The One Percenter Encyclopedia: The World of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs from Abyss Ghosts to Zombies Elite. Motorbooks. ISBN 978-0-7603-6055-2 via Google Books.
  207. "Lost Breed MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. January 18, 2016.
  208. https://www.otago.ac.nz/law/research/journals/otago672754.pdf
  209. "Vengeance in gangland". NZ Herald.
  210. Newbold, Greg (June 3, 2016). Crime, Law and Justice in New Zealand. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-27561-9 via Google Books.
  211. "Police raid Fourth Reich clubhouse south of Wollongong". ABC News. 10 August 2018.
  212. "26 OMCG Declared Criminals | QLD Bikie Laws". 21 October 2013.
  213. Dinger, Alexander (15 July 2021). "Organisierte Kriminalität: Das sind die Rockerclubs". Die Welt.
  214. "Streit um Motorrad-Club in Bremerhaven: Rocker-Treff vorm Stadthaus".
  215. "Die Freeway Riders sind Hagens Rockergang | DerWesten". 8 December 2014. Archived from the original on 8 December 2014.
  216. "Großrazzia bei Rocker-Club Freeway Rider's im Ruhrgebiet". 27 November 2014.
  217. "Freeway Rider's: "Wir sind keine Supporter der Bandidos"". December 2014.
  218. "Freewhellers M.C. Ireland". Freewheelers M.C. Ireland.
  219. "Freewheelers MC (Motorcycle Club)". 3 August 2016.
  220. "Inside the biker gangs: The truth about guns, drugs and organised crime". Belfasttelegraph.
  221. Ballard, Linda M. (1997). ""These Youngsters Change All These Traditions": A Perspective on "Outlaw" Motorcycle Clubs in Ireland". Folklore. 108 (1–2): 107–111. doi:10.1080/0015587X.1997.9715945. JSTOR 1260716.
  222. "Bikers ride into Waterford to target crime-gripped city's gangs". 18 March 2015.
  223. Tighe, Mark. "What's behind the motorcycle murder?" via www.thetimes.co.uk.
  224. Mallory, Stephen L. (2007), Understanding Organized Crime; Criminal justice illuminated, Jones & Bartlett Publishers, p. 160, ISBN 978-0-7637-4108-2
  225. Garson, Paul (2006), "Hollister, Roswell, and a Brave New Bro's World—1947", in Davidson, Jean; Thompson, Hunter S. (eds.), The Harley-Davidson Reader, MotorBooks/MBI Publishing Company, pp. 129–134, ISBN 0-7603-2591-X
  226. www.reviewjournal.com/news/motorcycle-gang-members-jailed-after-rival-chased-beat
  227. https://www.state.nj.us/njsp/info/pdf/njgangsurvey-2007.pdf
  228. Donald Janson (November 24, 1979). "3 in Cycle Gang, Shot in Camden, On Critical List". The New York Times.
  229. "The Oklahoman". www.oklahoman.com. 22 November 1983.
  230. Reynolds, E. (1981). "Genetics of Epilepsy: A Review". Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 44 (3): 269. doi:10.1136/jnnp.44.3.269. S2CID 72411709.
  231. "SharQc: Un Hells influent libéré sous fortes conditions". 23 November 2016.
  232. "Le chapitre de Sherbrooke de retour sur le terrain". 20 December 2020.
  233. "Guerre des Motards: Les Gitans contre les Atomes | WHO KILLED THERESA?". April 2015.
  234. Wolf, Daniel R. (January 1991). The Rebels: A Brotherhood of Outlaw Bikers. ISBN 978-0-8020-7363-1.
  235. "Le chapitre de Sherbrooke de retour sur le terrain". 20 December 2020.
  236. Senia, Parco (November 2007). Blessed with Evil: A Story of the Hell's Angels and the Evil Spirits Motorcycle Clubs. ISBN 978-0-595-45969-8.
  237. "List of Australian Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs & their Territories". Who. Archived from the original on 2019-03-27. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
  238. "Australian Bikie Gangs: Complete List of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs". New Idea. Archived from the original on 2020-02-20. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
  239. "AUSTRALIAN MOTORCYCLE TRIBES – a brief and entirely imprecise history". National Motorcycle Alliance. May 11, 2018.
  240. https://hungarianspectrum.org/2008/04/26/goy-cyclists-an/
  241. Feischmidt, Margit; Majtényi, Balázs (February 2020). The Rise of Populist Nationalism: Social Resentments and Capturing the Constitution in Hungary. ISBN 9789633863329.
  242. "Families of murdered men want to know where the bodies are" via www.newshub.co.nz.
  243. "Greazy Dogs discredit links to Tauranga man in homicide investigation". RNZ. July 19, 2018.
  244. "Greazy Dogs face off with Mongol Nation in Tauranga". June 2, 2020.
  245. "Gang tensions: Greazy Dogs face off with Mongol Nation in Tauranga". NZ Herald.
  246. "Rebels with a cause". Stuff. March 5, 2011.
  247. Bundeslagebild Organisierte Kriminalität 2010 (PDF) (in German), German Federal Criminal Police Office (Bundeskriminalamt), p. 19, archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-10-14, retrieved 2013-05-12
  248. "Quebec's motorcycle gangs". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. March 2, 2004. Archived from the original on February 23, 2009. Retrieved 2012-12-10.
  249. "The Rise And Fall Of The Grim Reapers Motorcycle Club". HotCars. September 10, 2020.
  250. Throttle, Insane (May 10, 2021). "The Queen of Meth Lori Arnold and Connections to Grim Reapers MC".
  251. "Grim Reapers president pleads guilty". Dispatch Argus.
  252. "Outlaw bikers in the Netherlands: Clubs, social criminal organizations, or gangs?".
  253. Kuldova, Tereza; Sánchez-Jankowski, Martín (April 25, 2018). Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs and Street Gangs: Scheming Legality, Resisting Criminalization. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-76120-6 via Google Books.
  254. https://theses.cz/id/rrthei/Motorcycle_Clubs_in_Nederland_in_vergelijking_met_de_Tsje.pdf
  255. Veno, Arthur (2003), The Brotherhoods, Allen & Unwin, pp. 76 ff, ISBN 978-1-74114-137-5
  256. Osgerby, Bill (2005). Biker: Truth and Myth: How the Original Cowboy of the Road Became the Easy Rider of the Silver Screen. Globe Pequot. ISBN 1-59228-841-3. Archived from the original on 10 Sep 2014.
  257. "Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Archived from the original on July 13, 2012. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
  258. "Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Archived from the original on July 11, 2012. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
  259. "Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Archived from the original on July 11, 2012. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
  260. "Gang seeks to flex muscle". Stuff. 24 January 2013. Archived from the original on October 28, 2014. Retrieved October 28, 2014.
  261. "How gang made millions – National – NZ Herald News". The New Zealand Herald. July 24, 1999. Archived from the original on October 29, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
  262. "Notorious gangs eye up Christchurch". Stuff. 8 July 2013. Archived from the original on October 27, 2014. Retrieved October 28, 2014.
  263. "Justice Denied". Milwaukee Magazine. January 31, 2008.
  264. "MILUAKEE HEAVENS DEVILS – OUITLAWS 1979". Logansport Pharos-Tribune. December 17, 1979. p. 3 via newspapers.com.
  265. Hayes, Bill (April 15, 2014). Hell on Wheels: An Illustrated History of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs. Motorbooks. ISBN 978-1-62788-143-2 via Google Books.
  266. https://isp.illinois.gov/LawEnforcement/GetFile/c35165eb-57e5-41a2-a26b-a827aa2b8e89
  267. https://www.courant.com/news/connecticut/hc-xpm-1992-08-05-0000114127-story.html
  268. https://caselaw.findlaw.com/ct-court-of-appeals/1331879.html
  269. https://www.bikertrashnetwork.com/p/blog-page_17.html
  270. https://www.greatfallstribune.com/story/news/local/2016/10/10/outlaw-motorcycle-gang-activity-great-falls/91876498/
  271. https://www.spokesman.com/blogs/sirens/2010/oct/12/biker-gang-arrested-n-idaho-drug-probe/
  272. Miller, Martin (September 10, 1994). "8 in Biker Gang Arrested in 5-City Sweep : Crackdown: About 200 officers seize weapons and drugs in early morning raids. Two federal agents had infiltrated the tightly knit Hessians club". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 2016-06-03. Retrieved 2020-02-20.
  273. "Motorcycle and white supremacist gangs".
  274. Members of "Highwaymen Motorcycle Club" Indicted on Violent Crime, Drug, and Gun Charges, Federal Bureau of Investigation, May 14, 2009, archived from the original on May 12, 2016, retrieved July 28, 2016
  275. "Police: 'Culture of violence' holds true for Washington's largest biker gang". FOX13 News Seattle Washington KCPQ. July 8, 2015.
  276. "Bandidos MC Pisa – Support". bandidosmcpisa.com.
  277. "Taranaki has more gang members than police reported". Stuff. December 7, 2015.
  278. "Police killer had bashed other officers". NZ Herald.
  279. "Taranaki gang numbers kept secret" via www.pressreader.com.
  280. Hayes, Bill (April 3, 2018). The One Percenter Encyclopedia: The World of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs from Abyss Ghosts to Zombies Elite. Motorbooks. ISBN 978-0-7603-6053-8 via Google Books.
  281. "Motorcycle club linked to meth". The Journal Gazette. Associated Press. June 27, 2008. Archived from the original on August 3, 2012. Retrieved August 5, 2012.
  282. "The Most Dangerous Biker Gangs in America". Complex Networks.
  283. "Motorcycle clubhouse raided by police". 26 February 2009.
  284. "If apathy were a sin".
  285. "Iron Coffins MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. August 11, 2016.
  286. "Barroso sentenced in Iron Coffins killing".
  287. "Iron Order MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. February 8, 2016.
  288. "Woman Guns Down Biker Boyfriend After She "Smelled Sex" On Him". www.yahoo.com.
  289. "Founding member of Iron Wings MC shot dead after sniffing sex by girlfriend – Insane Throttle Biker News". June 8, 2021.
  290. "Woman Guns Down Biker Boyfriend After She "Smelled Sex" On Him". Oxygen Official Site. June 6, 2021.
  291. Press, Europa (June 16, 2015). "Cinco detenidos en la operación contra la banda motera Jaguars MC". www.europapress.es.
  292. "Cuatro detenidos en la operación contra la banda motera Jaguars MC". elperiodico. June 16, 2015.
  293. "Los Mossos detienen a diversos "moteros" acusados de extorsión por encargo". www.efe.com.
  294. "Detienen en Barcelona a un grupo de moteros acusados de extorsión". www.antena3.com. June 16, 2015.
  295. "Los Mossos detienen a un grupo de 'moteros' acusados de extorsionar por encargo". Diario Sur. June 16, 2015.
  296. "The Jury MC New York 1% Trademark of The Jury Motorcycle Lub, Inc. - Registration Number 4782352 – Serial Number 85826524". trademarks.justia.com.
  297. Lehman, Don. "Motorcycle club speaks out on attempted murder case". Glens Falls Post-Star.
  298. "The Jury MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. December 26, 2016.
  299. "The Jury MC New York 1% Trademark of The Jury Motorcycle Club, Inc. Serial Number: 85826524". trademark.trademarkia.com.
  300. "Jurors return final verdicts for two bikers", The Record, Stockton, California, July 1, 2010, archived from the original on January 11, 2016, retrieved September 10, 2010
  301. Smith, Scott (August 10, 2010), Judge wants one retrial, not two, McClatchy – Tribune Business News, archived from the original on January 11, 2016, retrieved September 10, 2010
  302. "2 suspected of plotting attacks in Brussels due in court". 30 December 2015.
  303. "Who are the Kamikaze Riders?". 17 July 2017.
  304. "Men who 'plotted Brussels terror attack' are members of a motorbike club named after Japanese suicide bombers". Independent.co.uk. 31 December 2015.
  305. "The ISIS-linked Belgians suspected of a New Year's terror plot are part of motorcycle club called the Kamikaze Riders". Business Insider.
  306. "Belgian Police Arrest Two Men Linked to 'Jihadi' Motorcycle Club". Haaretz.
  307. "Who Are the Kamikaze Riders? The Motorcycle Club Allegedly Has Ties to Terrorist Groups".
  308. "Brussels cancels New Year fireworks over terror threat". 30 December 2015.
  309. Borunda, Daniel. "Kinfolk MC biker on trial describes why he shot Bandidos in deadly El Paso bar shooting". El Paso Times.
  310. "Kinfolk MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. December 31, 2016.
  311. Throttle, Insane (November 19, 2019). "Kinfolk Motorcycle Club, once a parody, now a legitimate force in the motorcycle club scene".
  312. Bock, Holly (January 15, 2019). "Murder trial starts for Kinfolk bike member". KFOX.
  313. "Kinfolk MC United States Kinfolk 1% ER Trademark of Ward, Joe. Serial Number: 88753392 :: Trademark Elite Trademarks". www.trademarkelite.com.
  314. "Kings Crew MC (Motorcycle Club)". 17 January 2016.
  315. Wolf, Daniel R. (15 December 2000). The Rebels: A Brotherhood of Outlaw Bikers. ISBN 978-1-4426-5957-5.
  316. "Former gang member becomes professional Calgary Santa | CBC News".
  317. "'Never-ending war': How Alberta is cracking down on the Hells Angels and the outlaw biker gangs that support them".
  318. "CN AB: Innocents Caught in Gang Turf Wars". Media Awareness Project.
  319. "A look at biker gangs in California". KSBW. May 25, 2015.
  320. Preovolos, Chris (May 20, 2015). "A look at biker gangs in California". SFGate.
  321. "2011 National Gang Threat Assessment". Federal Bureau of Investigation.
  322. "The Desert Sun from Palm Springs, California on December 27, 2015 · Page A5". Newspapers.com.
  323. "Kingsmen Motorcycle Club Gang President, Regional President, and Member Convicted By A Federal Jury of Murder and Racketeering". www.justice.gov. May 18, 2018.
  324. "Four Kingsmen Motorcycle Club Members Sentenced For RICO Conspiracy". www.justice.gov. April 3, 2019.
  325. "Kingsmen Leader, Hit Man Get Multiple Life Sentences in Double Murder". spectrumlocalnews.com.
  326. "Kingsmen MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. March 26, 2016.
  327. "Appeals court upholds Kingsmen hitman's life sentences". Lockport Union-Sun & Journal.
  328. "Great Nordic Biker War". One Percenter Bikers. March 18, 2016.
  329. "Outlaw Bikers in Finland 1994 to 1997". Gangsters Inc. - www.gangstersinc.org. November 10, 2010.
  330. "Klan MC Estonia". www.klanmc.ee.
  331. https://www.stursula.ch/Archives/20190527BundRevMarshall.pdf
  332. "Thuner Biker-Klub verprügelt Aussteiger". Der Bund via www.derbund.ch.
  333. "The world news platform". The world news platform.
  334. "like a Bear?". kodiaks Support Crew Overland Webseite!.
  335. Pinto, Cyrill (May 26, 2019). "Rocker brutal: Sie verprügeln ihre Mitglieder". Blick.
  336. Wilson, Sabrina. "Allegations of kidnapping, meth-making and an outlaw gang in Belle Chasse". Fox 8 Live.
  337. jmustian@theadvocate.com, Jim Mustian. "Suspected biker gang members arrested in Plaquemines Parish kidnapping, beating". NOLA.com.
  338. Bosmia, Anand N.; Quinn, James F.; Peterson, Todd B.; Griessenauer, Christoph J.; Tubbs, R. Shane (July 2014). "Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs: Aspects of the One-Percenter Culture for Emergency Department Personnel to Consider". Western Journal of Emergency Medicine. 15 (4): 523–528. doi:10.5811/westjem.2014.2.17919. PMC 4100862. PMID 25035762.
  339. Alexander-Bloch, Benjamin. "Affiliates of outlaw biker gang booked with kidnapping, weapons and meth lab charges". NOLA.com.
  340. Hayes, Bill (3 April 2018). The One Percenter Encyclopedia: The World of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs from Abyss Ghosts to Zombies Elite. ISBN 978-0-7603-6053-8.
  341. "(USA) Creel denies he lied to investigator – White Trash Networks". www.bikernews.org.
  342. Appleby, Timothy (9 December 2006). "Hells Angels throng biker's Ontario funeral". The Globe and Mail.
  343. "Gang's last chance? The Last Chance Motorcycle Club may lose its headquarters because a historical committee says the club is ruining the 120-year-old farmhouse". digitalarchive.tpl.ca.
  344. "Hundred mourn slain biker" via www.pressreader.com.
  345. "Drogenhandel: Weiteres Mitglied eines Motorradclubs verurteilt". Volksfreund. April 18, 2013.
  346. "Lobo 1% MC – 1973 – L.F.F.L." www.lobo-mc.de.
  347. Edwards, Peter (11 May 2013). "Excerpt: At Millhaven prison hockey games, you didn't yell 'Kill 'em". The Toronto Star.
  348. "Clipped from the Windsor Star". The Windsor Star. 31 July 1967. p. 3.
  349. "Vicious killers elude justice for three decades". windsorstar.
  350. Wolf, Daniel R. (15 December 2000). The Rebels: A Brotherhood of Outlaw Bikers. ISBN 978-1-4426-5957-5.
  351. Edwards, Peter (30 April 2013). Unrepentant: The Strange and (Sometimes) Terrible Life of Lorne Campbell, Satan's Choice and Hells Angels Biker. ISBN 978-0-307-36258-2.
  352. "Gangs of Marlborough". The Marlborough Express. 16 April 2008. Archived from the original on 15 September 2010. Retrieved 15 October 2011.
  353. "Lone Wolf bikie boss Brodie Singh charged over kidnapping of Caroll Dufailly and Eduardus Groenewegen". October 8, 2020.
  354. "Lone Wolf MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. January 27, 2017.
  355. Mitchell, Georgina (July 8, 2021). "Lone Wolf gang member jailed after revolver discovered in air duct". The Sydney Morning Herald.
  356. Throttle, Insane (April 8, 2020). "Detectives charged a Lone Wolf outlaw motorcycle gang (OMCG) member with an outstanding warrant after $1.5 million worth methylamphetamine, $110,000 cash and a handgun were seized in the search".
  357. Barker, Thomas (April 24, 2018). The Outlaw Biker Legacy of Violence. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-05363-1 via Google Books.
  358. "Chosen Few Motorcycle Club Members Arrested in Early Morning Raids". FBI.
  359. "Did the US Attorney pay an informant $80,000 to lie in Chosen Few case? | The Buffalo Chronicle". buffalochronicle.com. January 19, 2017.
  360. "Bronfman-friendly AUSA Antony Bruce went after motor cycle club with informant who created crimes". Frank Report. January 1, 2019.
  361. Langton, Jerry (2010), Showdown: How the Outlaws, Hells Angels and Cops Fought for Control of the Streets, John Wiley & sons, p. 117, ISBN 978-0-470-67878-7
  362. Owen, Bruce (July 15, 2011). "Jul 2011: Hells Angels, vengeance dominate". Winnipeg Free Press via www.winnipegfreepress.com.
  363. "Longtime biker sentenced to 15 years in prison". Winnipeg. March 23, 2010.
  364. "Crown argues biker gang is organized crime | CBC News".
  365. "Five Hells Angels members freed, trial cut short as judge scolds Crown | Globalnews.ca". Global News.
  366. Schneider, Stephen (9 December 2009). Iced: The Story of Organized Crime in Canada. ISBN 978-0-470-83500-5.
  367. Appleby, Timothy (June 17, 2006). "Winnipeg Bandidos face murder charges". The Globe and Mail via www.theglobeandmail.com.
  368. "New gang setting up in Winnipeg, say police | CBC News".
  369. Winterhalder, Edward; Clercq, Wil De (29 August 2021). The Assimilation: Rock Machine Become Bandidos – Bikers United Against the Hells Angels. ISBN 978-0-9899997-6-2.
  370. "CN MB: Police Hurt Bandidos". Media Awareness Project.
  371. Phillips, Vanessa (18 April 2009). "Sympathy for the Devils". The Nelson Mail. Archived from the original on 12 January 2013. Retrieved 15 October 2011.
  372. "George bikers unite against controversial international biking club". November 2, 2018.
  373. "Macs gang strikes again". News24.
  374. "Joburg biker gang terror". www.iol.co.za.
  375. "The wheels of crime". TimesLIVE.
  376. "CCTV shows another attack from biker gang" via www.pressreader.com.
  377. Wambugu, Kissa (December 21, 2020). "Who are the Hells Angels? Read more to find out". Briefly.
  378. "9 Motorcycle Clubs That Are Bad Guys (And 10 That Are Saving The World)". HotCars. November 8, 2018.
  379. Smith, Benjamin (April 14, 2021). "The Top 20 Motorcycle Clubs in the World". Money Inc.
  380. "Riding hard and living free on the streets of Singapore with #harleyriders". The Straits Times. March 31, 2017.
  381. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2021-10-26. Retrieved 2021-10-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  382. "Bike gang members acquitted of sex charges". NZ Herald.
  383. "Magog MC – John Crawford". avax.news.
  384. "Meet the Kurdish Motorcycle Gang Helping Syrian Refugees in Iraq". www.vice.com.
  385. ""Median Empire": Kurden-Rocker drohen den Hells Angels". Express.
  386. Xudosi, Arslon (March 29, 2019). "The gang members of Iraq and Syria".
  387. "German Motorcycle Club members join Dutch bikers in fight against Isis". The Independent. October 20, 2014.
  388. Robbins, Kate. "Lake Ozark Motorcycle Clubhouse Fire Was 'Incendiary': Investigation Continues". LakeExpo.com.
  389. Rollins, Jess. "Springfield police keep watch on biker turf war — Tension alleged between two local groups". Springfield News-Leader.
  390. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2021-10-26. Retrieved 2021-10-22.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  391. Sweeney, Kathy. "Kathy Sweeney Investigates: The Gangs of Cape County". www.kfvs12.com.
  392. "Fire Damages Clubhouse For Lake Ozark Chapter of Midwest Drifters Motorcycle Club". LakeExpo.com.
  393. "Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs in NC: Hells Angels and Mongols". North Carolina PreLaw Land.
  394. "Misfits biker, 60, sentenced to 100 years for Lake County attack". Santa Rosa Press Democrat. May 12, 2011.
  395. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2021-10-26. Retrieved 2021-10-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  396. "Hells Angels' Trois-Rivières bunker demolished for unpaid taxes | CBC News".
  397. "Quebec biker bunker torn down | CBC.ca".
  398. "Voortvluchtige terrorist Tomas Boutens opgepakt". Het Nieuwsblad.
  399. "Veroordeeld voor terrorisme, maar met motorclub naar huis" via www.pressreader.com.
  400. ""Ik was dat wereldje van die motorclubs spuugzat"". De Morgen. January 20, 2015.
  401. "Bikie gangs of NSW", The Daily Telegraph
  402. Janet Fife-Yeomans (November 7, 2009), "Pubs, clubs ban bikies' colours", The Daily Telegraph
  403. Denson, Bryan (April 20, 2008). "Police fear violence as outlaw bikers move to Oregon: The Mongols motorcycle club risks retaliation as it pushes into rival turf". The Oregonian. Archived from the original on February 6, 2014. Retrieved December 22, 2021.
  404. "Elva dödade och 96 skadade i mc-kriget". www.expressen.se.
  405. http://umu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:276397/FULLTEXT01
  406. "Så satte de skräck i hela Norden". www.aftonbladet.se.
  407. "Carl Bradley: NZ street gangs are facing an influx of Australian outlaw bikers". NZ Herald.
  408. "Memory Lane: Gang tensions erupt in Palmerston North". Stuff. March 31, 2016.
  409. Patched: The History of Gangs in New Zealand via aucklanduniversitypress.co.nz.
  410. "The rise and rise of new gangs". 28 March 2009.
  411. https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/nsw/notorious-muslim-gang-off-the-street/news-story/cca65a5a5536dcd07c0b4b36d4f01091
  412. Throttle, Insane (April 3, 2019). "Complete List of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs and famous members of each.The press in Australia is hostile as fu*k to clubs. On a whole different level then here in the states".
  413. https://info.publicintelligence.net/ATF-OMGmilitary2010.pdf
  414. Robertson, Kate. "One-percenters, ministers on two wheels in Owasso". Tulsa World.
  415. Barker, Thomas (29 May 2014). Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs as Organized Crime Groups. ISBN 978-3-319-07431-3.
  416. "(U) Changes – Intelligence Bulletin: Changes in Drug Production, Trafficking, and Abuse 2008 (Unclassified)". www.justice.gov.
  417. The Brotherhoods: Inside the Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs. silo.pub (3rd Revised ed.). November 4, 2009.
  418. Barker, Thomas (17 October 2014). Biker Gangs and Transnational Organized Crime. ISBN 978-1-317-52410-6.
  419. Vadaj, Rachel; Nyorkor, Sia; Hannig, Simon. "Cleveland Police: Shooting at party with multiple clubs leaves 1 dead, 17 others injured". cleveland19.com.
  420. "Cleveland motorcycle clubs say shooting that killed man, hurt 17 others not reflective of 'family-oriented' community". cleveland. March 11, 2020.
  421. "Cleveland motorcycle club member killed in shooting that hurt 17 others remembered as reliable, funny friend". cleveland. March 9, 2020.
  422. "Omens Motorcycle Club Cleveland incident and how it affects all the biker scene by Motorcycle Madhouse Radio Podcast w James "Hollywood" Macecari". Anchor.
  423. "Inside the World of the Double-Crossing Fake Hitman". GQ. November 4, 2013.
  424. Throttle, Insane (June 13, 2019). "How I Accidentally Wound Up Running an Outlaw Biker Gang in Ohio. I was a founding member of the Order of Blood Motorcycle Club, the first biker gang ever sanctioned by the Aryan Brotherhood, the country's most notorious prison gang".
  425. Edwards, Peter (10 November 2014). "Red Devils of Canada, country's oldest outlaw biker club, gives up ghost". The Toronto Star.
  426. "Original Red Devils MC (Motorcycle Club)". 26 January 2016.
  427. "RED DEVILS: A glimpse into Hamilton's oldest outlaw biker gang". The Hamilton Spectator. 4 September 2014.
  428. ""Osmanen Germania": Innenminister Horst Seehofer verbietet rockerähnliche Gruppe". Die Welt. July 10, 2018 via www.welt.de.
  429. "Osmanen Germania: Razzien gegen türkisch-nationalistische Rocker in Deutschland". Die Welt. March 13, 2018 via www.welt.de.
  430. "Innenministerium verbietet Rockergruppe "Osmanen Germania"". Der Tagesspiegel Online. July 10, 2018 via Tagesspiegel.
  431. "Hubschrauber und etliche Polizisten bei Prozessauftakt im Einsatz: Wer sind die Osmanen Germania?". www.hna.de. March 26, 2018.
  432. Diehl, Jörg; Siemens, Ansgar (March 27, 2018). "Osmanen Germania: Warum die Rocker Flüchtlingsheime bewachten". Der Spiegel via www.spiegel.de.
  433. Germany, Stuttgarter Zeitung, Stuttgart. "Spektakuläre Prozesse in Stammheim: RAF-Gerichtssaal ist Geschichte". stuttgarter-zeitung.de.
  434. "NEW VIDEO: Surveillance footage shows shooting outside 4th Quarter Bar & Grill". wtvm.com.
  435. https://www.ledger-enquirer.com/latest-news/article150243172.html
  436. https://www.ledger-enquirer.com/news/local/crime/article148881149.html
  437. "Outcasters 1%er MC New York – Motherchapter".
  438. "Outcasters MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. July 14, 2017.
  439. "17 Things You Didn't Know About The Outlaws Motorcycle Club". HotCars. April 16, 2020.
  440. "What was the first outlaw motorcycle club?". HowStuffWorks. September 4, 2015.
  441. "Outsider MC – History". www.outsider-mc.com.
  442. Hayes, Bill (3 April 2018). The One Percenter Encyclopedia: The World of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs from Abyss Ghosts to Zombies Elite. ISBN 978-0-7603-6055-2.
  443. "Outsider MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. December 8, 2016.
  444. "MC Overkill – vaarallisia vai väärinymmärrettyjä?". City. March 19, 1993.
  445. "Merkintöjä | Overkill MC ja nolattu poliisi". Helsingin Sanomat. January 17, 1994.
  446. "Jengiläisten riidat toivat Bandidosin Suomeen 1990-luvulla". mtvuutiset.fi. May 12, 2015.
  447. Teuvo, Arolainen (April 14, 1994). "Overkill ehdolla Helvetin enkeleihin Motoristiklubin nimeksi MC Finland". Helsingin Sanomat.
  448. Paquet, Daniel. "1987 – Le long et violent chapitre des motards". Le Journal de Québec.
  449. "Rock Machine (organisation criminelle) - La Mémoire du Québec". Archived from the original on 2021-11-02.
  450. Langton, Jerry (17 December 2009). Fallen Angel: The Unlikely Rise of Walter Stadnick and the Canadian Hells Angels. ISBN 978-0-470-73994-5.
  451. https://www.nj.gov/sci/pdf/SCI%20Pagans%20Report.pdf
  452. "Information on Pagans". Archived from the original on July 20, 2009.
  453. Hennessey, Melanie (April 22, 2021). "BEHIND THE CRIMES: How undercover police work put an end to Para-Dice Riders". Toronto.com.
  454. "5 ways to spot real bikers on Friday the 13th in Port Dover". The Hamilton Spectator. May 13, 2016 via www.thespec.com.
  455. "Canada: The Facts Behind Biker Gangs". Media Awareness Project.
  456. Dean, Geoff; Gottschalk, Petter; Fahsing, Ivar (2010). Organized Crime: Policing Illegal Business Entrepreneurialism. ISBN 978-0-19-957843-6.
  457. Barker, Thomas (17 October 2014). Biker Gangs and Transnational Organized Crime. ISBN 978-1-317-52411-3.
  458. "CityNews". toronto.citynews.ca.
  459. Schenk, John; Kessel, John (August 22, 1977). "Born-To-Raise-Hell Inc". Maclean's.
  460. "'Operation Blue and White' Nets 14 Peckerwoods Members – re> San Diego, May 23". California: Prnewswire.com. Archived from the original on June 5, 2011. Retrieved August 5, 2012.
  461. "Undercover Officer Provides Inside Look Into Local Gang – San Diego News Story – KGTV San Diego". 10news.com. November 16, 2010. Archived from the original on February 12, 2011. Retrieved August 5, 2012.
  462. "County removes photo of man in White supremacist biker gang T-shirt from its website". San Diego Union-Tribune. October 1, 2021.
  463. Barker, Thomas (17 October 2014). Biker Gangs and Transnational Organized Crime. ISBN 978-1-317-52411-3.
  464. Members of "Phantom Outlaw Motorcycle Club" Nine members of a violent, armed, outlaw motorcycle gang were indicted, archived from the original on 2016-03-17, retrieved 2016-07-28
  465. Six Leaders and Members of Phantom Outlaw Motorcycle Club and Vice Lords Street Gang Convicted of Violent Racketeering-Related Crimes, 2015-03-16, archived from the original on 2015-05-20, retrieved 2015-05-27
  466. "Phantom Outlaw MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. September 25, 2016.
  467. "Popeyes MC (Motorcycle Club) – One Percenter Bikers". 30 September 2017. Archived from the original on 2020-10-18. Retrieved 2020-10-21.
  468. "How Canada's Most Prolific Hit Man Turned Informant on the Hells Angels". Archived from the original on 2020-10-19. Retrieved 2020-10-21.
  469. "How the Hells Angels Conquered Canada". Archived from the original on 2020-10-21. Retrieved 2020-10-21.
  470. "State v. Vaughan, 59 N.C. App. 318 | Casetext Search + Citator". casetext.com.
  471. "11-year-old Israeli girl badly burned from firebomb attack".
  472. Wolf, Daniel R. (1991). The Rebels: a brotherhood of outlaw bikers By Daniel R. Wolf. ISBN 978-0-8020-7363-1. Archived from the original on 2020-11-09. Retrieved 2012-12-10.
  473. Biker gangs in Canada, CBC, April 15, 2009, archived from the original on April 29, 2014, retrieved May 8, 2014, Said to be the oldest motorcycle gang in Canada
  474. "Police raid Canada's oldest biker club", Windsor Star, November 21, 2011, archived from the original on August 31, 2019, retrieved August 31, 2019
  475. Erica Bajer (March 17, 2011), "Bikers threaten to charge cop with trespassing", Chatham Daily News, archived from the original on May 12, 2014, retrieved May 8, 2014
  476. Langton, Jerry (17 December 2009). Fallen Angel: The Unlikely Rise of Walter Stadnick and the Canadian Hells Angels. ISBN 978-0-470-73994-5.
  477. "11 arrests made in police raids across Winnipeg | CBC News".
  478. "CN MB: Drugs, Bikers And Death". Media Awareness Project.
  479. "Man on the inside – White Trash Networks". bikernews.org.
  480. Sher, Julian; Marsden, William (11 June 2010). The Road to Hell: How the Biker Gangs are Conquering Canada. ISBN 978-0-307-36586-6.
  481. "Det här är Sveriges kriminella gäng | Organiserad brottslighet | Tema | Efterlyst | TV3". March 11, 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-03-11.
  482. "Knivhöggs för otillåten tatuering – Göteborg – Göteborgs-Posten". June 11, 2015. Archived from the original on 2015-06-11.
  483. "Detta är Red & White Crew – Rapport | SVT Play". October 26, 2009. Archived from the original on 2009-10-26.
  484. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2021-11-16. Retrieved 2021-10-24.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  485. Diverse (22 October 2018). Det stora nordiska mc-kriget. ISBN 9788726016871.
  486. "The Epic Motorcycle Gang War (Everyone's Forgotten About)". Cracked.com. June 27, 2021.
  487. Diverse (5 November 2018). Nordisk kriminalkrönika 2000. ISBN 9788711873472.
  488. "The Other Side of Crime". dailypress.com. The Virginian-Pilot.
  489. "Renegades MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. August 5, 2016.
  490. "Meth ring suspects have ties to biker clubs". pilotonline.com. The Virginian-Pilot.
  491. "Overview – Louisiana Drug Threat Assessment". www.justice.gov.
  492. "Reconciling identity and diversity in an outlaw motorcycle club". November 16, 1981 via Internet Archive.
  493. Stokes, Cam. "NZ gang history photos — RK's (Road Knights') 20th anniversary 1999". GangScene. Archived from the original on February 8, 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-29.
  494. "Road Knights Motorcycle Club". Archived from the original on 18 December 2014. Retrieved 28 October 2014.
  495. Unknown. "Enfilade/Defilade: Suited/Booted: Gangs in 5th Island". Archived from the original on 28 October 2014. Retrieved 28 October 2014.
  496. Lally, Conor. "Gardaí believe biker gang dispute led to Limerick shooting". The Irish Times.
  497. Hayes, Bill (15 April 2014). Hell on Wheels: An Illustrated History of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs. ISBN 978-1-62788-143-2.
  498. "'Road Tramps threatened to burn my family'". independent.
  499. "20 Pictures Of Gangs And Their Motorcycles". HotCars. September 18, 2018.
  500. Edwards, Peter; Auger, Michel (2004), The encyclopedia of Canadian organized crime: from Captain Kidd to Mom Boucher, Random House, p. 208, ISBN 978-0-7710-3044-4
  501. "Man who is alleged to be a middleman between Montreal Mafia and Hells Angels denied parole". May 26, 2020.
  502. "Slain biker's life had a rough start, violent ending in St-Léonard". montrealgazette.
  503. Burnstein, Scott (December 1, 2018). "The Quebec Biker War Timeline: Murder & Mayhem In Montreal In Fight For Biker Kingdom".
  504. Aune, Paul Jostein (February 11, 2020). "Hells Angels klubbhus i Trolla begjært tvangsoppløst". trondheim24.
  505. https://phs.brage.unit.no/phs-xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/174866/bachelor_Hansen.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  506. Larsson, Paul (2016). ""The Big Scare": Bikers and the Construction of Organized Crime in Norway". Illegal Entrepreneurship, Organized Crime and Social Control. Studies of Organized Crime. Vol. 14. pp. 205–217. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-31608-6_12. ISBN 978-3-319-31606-2.
  507. http://pub.cdn.tv2.no/multimedia/TV2/archive/01103/Hemmelig_rapport_o_1103962a.pdf
  508. https://payback.name/wp-content/uploads/bachelor.pdf
  509. http://files.jan-are-hansen.webnode.com/200000228-be7fabf779/Rams%20-%2040%20%C3%A5r%20p%C3%A5%20brakka.rtf
  510. "Overview – Massachusetts Drug Threat Assessment". www.justice.gov.
  511. "North Adams Transcript Archives, May 12, 1969, p. 10". NewspaperArchive.com. May 12, 1969.
  512. Hayes, Bill (3 April 2018). The One Percenter Encyclopedia: The World of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs from Abyss Ghosts to Zombies Elite. ISBN 978-0-7603-6055-2.
  513. Barker, Thomas (17 October 2014). Biker Gangs and Transnational Organized Crime. ISBN 978-1-317-52411-3.
  514. "Large meth bust includes "Saddle Tramps" motorcycle club". September 10, 2013.
  515. "Saddle Tramps president, local woman sentenced on federal drug charges". Daily Journal Online.
  516. https://www.semissourian.com/story/2022602.html
  517. https://diginole.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:168807/datastream/PDF/download/citation.pdf
  518. "Sadistic Souls". Archived from the original on 2018-11-06. Retrieved 2019-10-14.
  519. "Aryan Nations Sadistiuc Souls MC Trademark – Serial Number 87161084". Archived from the original on 2019-10-14. Retrieved 2019-10-14.
  520. "Biker gang activity on the rise in Cape Breton, say police | CBC News".
  521. "Bikers activity on the rise in Cape Breton, police say". November 20, 2020.
  522. "Police keeping eye on bike gangs in Nova Scotia". www.saltwire.com.
  523. Throttle, Insane (November 20, 2020). "Police in Cape Breton say outlaw motorcycle gangs are recruiting on the island and their memberships are increasing".
  524. "Meet the godfather of Canada's outlaw biker club, Satan's Choice | CBC Radio".
  525. "Satan's Choice MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. September 4, 2016.
  526. "Back to the future: Satan's Choice biker club reappears on Ontario roads". OurWindsor.ca.
  527. "Satan's Choice: A Documentary About The Canadian Bikers Of 1966". The Reprobate. January 15, 2020.
  528. "Alleged Hells Angels affiliate charged with beating rival with bat in broad daylight near St. Catharines convenience store". stcatharinesstandard.com. June 18, 2020.
  529. "Third bikie gang in Tasmanian fuels talk of turf war". ABC News. December 19, 2017 via www.abc.net.au.
  530. Billings, Patrick (December 24, 2013). "Police watch on bikie gangs". The Examiner.
  531. Throttle, Insane (September 15, 2018). "Motorcycle clubs tired of unfair stigma :Fears of bikie unrest as defectors from rival outlaw motorcycle clubs defect to form new Nomads chapter".
  532. "Six bikie gangs at large in Tasmania: ACC – 9News". www.9news.com.au.
  533. "2 Motorcycle Clubs Fight; 3 Die, 6 Hurt", Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, Associated Press, November 5, 1979, archived from the original on January 11, 2016, retrieved July 28, 2016
  534. "Man shot, killed outside motorcycle club – WDRB 41 Louisville – News, Weather, Sports Community". Wdrb.com. 2010-08-22. Archived from the original on 2014-03-16. Retrieved 2012-08-05.
  535. Jim Hague Officials watching for motorcycle club fallout Police believe fatal shooting of cycler was isolated incident Archived 2011-12-01 at the Wayback Machine May 6, 2001. Hudson Reporter.com
  536. U.S. Charges alleged Bronx gang leader in connection with operations of drug laboratory near public school Archived December 1, 2010, at the Wayback Machine January 14, 2003. (US vs. Angelo Cruz)
  537. Leader of "Satan's Soldiers" pleads guilty to operating clandestine Methamphetamine laboratory located next to Bronx public school November 11, 2004. (Angelo Cruz pleads guilty)
  538. "The Changing Face of Organized in New Jersey. A Status Report" (PDF). May 2004. pp. 87–90. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-12-19.
  539. "Satans Soldiers MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. January 6, 2016.
  540. "State v. Swan, 2018 KA 0320 | Casetext Search + Citator". casetext.com.
  541. Guzman, Chabella. "Ex-motorcycle gang member to speak at Scottsbluff church". starherald.com.
  542. Bradley, Carl (2021). Outlaw Bikers and Ancient Warbands. ISBN 978-3-030-75347-4.
  543. "(USSA) Rapides narcotics agents say meth ring had ties to Satan's Tramps motorcycle gxxx". White Trash Networks.
  544. "'Satan's Slaves bike gang leader sexually molested me as a child'". mirror. October 5, 2015.
  545. "Satans Slaves MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. January 8, 2016.
  546. Nsubuga, Jimmy (November 23, 2017). "Man threatened to lie victim was paedo to get him beaten up by 'Satan slaves'".
  547. Barker, Thomas (17 October 2014). Biker Gangs and Transnational Organized Crime. ISBN 978-1-317-52410-6.
  548. Barker, Thomas (24 April 2018). The Outlaw Biker Legacy of Violence. ISBN 978-1-351-05363-1.
  549. "Verbot: Ein schwarzer Tag für die "Schwarze Schar" | SVZ.de".
  550. "Innenminister Caffier verbietet Rockerclub mit Wurzeln im Neonazi-Milieu".
  551. "In Gewaltkriminalität verwickelt: Rockerclub "Schwarze Schar MC Wismar" verboten | Nordkurier.de". 8 January 2014.
  552. "Scorpions MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. August 16, 2016.
  553. Thomas, Jan (24 October 2020). Norsk mafia: Organisert kriminalitet i Norge. ISBN 9788234400582.
  554. "Thor Lillehovde kastet ut Screwdrivers". 3 March 2011.
  555. ""Vil du være med på noe mot Bandidos?"". www.vg.no.
  556. "Fest hos englene på Bergshøgda". 16 May 2014.
  557. ""Bombemannen" settes fri". 19 November 2007.
  558. Ryan Maye Handy, Colorado Gazette (2012-03-24). "Small, darker side of clubs casts shadow on bikers". The Gazette. Archived from the original on 2012-10-07. Retrieved 2012-08-05.
  559. "Sinn Fein Motorcycle Club base, Jepsen Grove, classified as a "gang fortification" in proposed District Plan".
  560. "Memory Lane: Gang tensions erupt in Palmerston North". 31 March 2016.
  561. "Prohibiting gang insignia on school property". Education in New Zealand. April 10, 2015.
  562. "Superseding Indictment Adds Four Defendants to Gypsy Joker Motorcycle Club Racketeering Conspiracy". 31 January 2019.
  563. "Six people involved with Gypsy Joker Outlaw Motorcycle Club face charges including racketeering, kidnapping and murder". KPTV.com.
  564. Keizur, Christopher. "Gresham men tied to motorcycle club arrests". pamplinmedia.com.
  565. Barker, Thomas (2014). Biker Gangs and Transnational Organized Crime. ISBN 978-1-317-52411-3.
  566. "Devil's Fire". Gangland (TV series). Season 4. Episode 2. February 12, 2009.
  567. Levengston, Tobie Gene; Keith Zimmerman (2003). Soul on Bikes: The East Bay Dragons Mc and the Black Biker Experience. MotorBooks International. ISBN 978-0-7603-1747-1. Retrieved August 25, 2020.
  568. "1423". Archived from the original on 2019-09-27. Retrieved 2019-10-18.
  569. "southern brotherhood mc". facebook.com.
  570. "Gang members defect as Bandidos set up in South". 3 March 2014.
  571. "Lost Breed MC (Motorcycle Club)". 18 January 2016.
  572. "Gang members go quiet over brawl". NZ Herald.
  573. "PressReader.com – Digital Newspaper & Magazine Subscriptions". www.pressreader.com.
  574. "Ex-biker Sylvester gets eight years in jail". winnipegsun.
  575. "624DMMB – Darwin Randall Sylvester". www.doenetwork.org.
  576. "Canada biker war bloodies Quebec Angels: Forty-eight people have died in Canada's biker war, victims of the Hell's Angels' ruthless bid to control the nation's drug trafficking, prostitution, money laundering and smuggling". baltimoresun.com.
  577. "Biker's attack on family nets eight-year sentence – Winnipeg | Globalnews.ca". Global News.
  578. "Local News in Brief : 6 Motorcycle Club Members Arrested". Los Angeles Times. April 18, 1988.
  579. Frazier, Colby. "No Country For Bikers". Salt Lake City Weekly.
  580. "Sundowner convictions upheld". Deseret News. Associated Press. June 23, 2002.
  581. "Organized Crime in America: Hearings Before the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Ninety-eighth Congress, First Session, on Organized Crime in America". 1983.
  582. "How the Hells Angels Conquered Canada".
  583. "Maurice Mom Boucher". One Percenter Bikers. May 3, 2016.
  584. Ha, Tu Thanh (6 May 2002). "Biker boss flaunted his notoriety". The Globe and Mail.
  585. Parker, R. J. (22 October 2015). Hell's Angels Biker Wars: The Rock Machine Massacres. ISBN 978-1-5171-9871-8.
  586. Langton, Jerry (25 June 2008). Fallen Angel: The Unlikely Rise of Walter Stadnick and the Canadian Hells Angels. ISBN 978-0-470-15714-5.
  587. "Shootout between biker gangs wounds four in Argentina – Crime – Dunya News". dunyanews.tv.
  588. Com, Clarín (May 17, 2016). "El jefe de "Los Tehuelches", un policía que exaltaba al nazismo". Clarín.
  589. "Extra entrevistó a Andrés Cirelli, integrante del moto club más grande del país". May 24, 2019.
  590. "¿Quiénes son los "Hell Angels" y "Los Tehuelches"?". www.minutouno.com.
  591. ""Los Hells Angels cobran peaje en todos los encuentros de motos, sino te ponés, pudren todo"". www.larazondechivilcoy.com.ar.
  592. "Hells Angels boss Dani Death wounded in Argentine bikie shootout". ABC News. May 17, 2016 via www.abc.net.au.
  593. Cresta, Joey. "seacoastonline.com". seacoastonline.com. Archived from the original on 2019-12-19. Retrieved 2019-12-19.
  594. "$100,000 reward for help solving 24yo murder case". Newshub.
  595. Gilbert, Jarrod (November 2013). Patched: The History of Gangs in New Zealand. ISBN 978-1-77558-137-6.
  596. https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10092/9400/gilbert_thesis.pdf
  597. https://www.usnews.com/news/us/articles/2021-10-08/motorcycle-gang-shootout-on-highway-leaves-woman-near-death
  598. "Biker gang turf battles fuel rising violence in RI". October 11, 2019.
  599. "NJ Authorities Discover State Prison Correctional Police Officer Belonged To Outlaw Biker Gang". Essex Daily Voice. August 25, 2020.
  600. "Northern State Prison Guard Charged with Concealing Membership in Thug Riders a "Outlaw MC" Gang". CNBNews.
  601. "Kings of Clubs". December 29, 2015.
  602. "Home".
  603. "Drugs, torture and turf war: Europe's biker gangs turn nasty". The Economist. August 13, 2020.
  604. "Majority of Dutch outlaw biker gang members have criminal records: study". NL Times.
  605. https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/binaries/rijksoverheid/documenten/rapporten/2019/06/27/tk-bijlage-voortgangsrapportage-omg-s-2018/tk-bijlage-voortgangsrapportage-omg-s-2018.pdf
  606. Kuldova, Tereza; Sánchez-Jankowski, Martín (25 April 2018). Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs and Street Gangs: Scheming Legality, Resisting Criminalization. ISBN 978-3-319-76120-6.
  607. Night Wolves MC Russia leader speaks about Bandidos and Hells Angels drug menace. Mad Travolta. December 7, 2012. Archived from the original on February 25, 2022. Retrieved April 17, 2022 via YouTube.
  608. "Night Wolves MC (Motorcycle Club)". 20 August 2016.
  609. "15 Cool Vintage Photos of the Bandidos Motorcycle Club". 17 April 2020.
  610. "Evidence in trial against gang president 'like an episode of CSI'". Stuff. May 10, 2021.
  611. "Family's message over Tribesmen gang member's funeral ride through Auckland's North Shore". Newshub via www.newshub.co.nz.
  612. "Tribesmen gang members slammed for riding bikes wrong way in Dunedin". NZ Herald.
  613. "Ecstasy, stacks of cash and a motorcycle gang". RNZ. August 16, 2019.
  614. https://www.stmi.bayern.de/assets/stmi/sus/verfassungsschutz/vsb_2017_kapitel_ok.pdf
  615. Stumberger, Rudolf (May 20, 2012). "Organisierte Kriminalität: Angriff der Rocker auf den Freistaat Bayern". Die Welt via www.welt.de.
  616. Fuchs, Florian. "Welche Rockerbanden in München agieren". Süddeutsche.de.
  617. "Sixteen gangs represented in Manawatu". Stuff. December 6, 2015.
  618. "SunLive – Gang patches no problem – The Bay's News First". www.sunlive.co.nz.
  619. Gilbert, Jarrod (November 2013). Patched: The History of Gangs in New Zealand. ISBN 978-1-77558-137-6.
  620. "Bill aimed at gangs and guns doesn't go far enough says Police Association". NZ Herald.
  621. "Denmark's Tolerance is Tested by War Between Biker Gangs". Wall Street Journal. 24 May 1996.
  622. "Bandidoksen Suomen johtajan ampunut mies pääsee vankilasta vapaaksi". 9 March 2017.
  623. "Outlaw Bikers in Finland 1997–2005". 10 November 2010.
  624. Caine, Alex (2013). Charlie and the Angels: The Outlaws, the Hells Angels and the Sixty Years War. ISBN 978-0-307-35895-0.
  625. https://www.ft.dk/samling/20081/almdel/reu/bilag/407/656318.pdf
  626. Diverse (19 September 2017). MC-klubber og kriminalitet. ISBN 9788711846124.
  627. "HAMC i Danmark – Hells Angels MC Denmark".
  628. "Top Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs (One Percenter Club)". Motoring Junction. May 24, 2021.
  629. "Unknown Bikers MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. January 18, 2017.
  630. "Vagabonds motorcycle club raided by Toronto police". Toronto Star. May 15, 2012.
  631. "Drug raids target biker gang". torontosun.
  632. "How a nice, middle-class boy became a Hells Angel—then an informer". Macleans.ca.
  633. "Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs Overview" (PDF). ncjrs.gov. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-09-17. Retrieved 2020-01-21.
  634. https://respubca.home.xs4all.nl/pdf/outlawbikers-in-nederland.pdf
  635. "Criminele motorclubs breiden uit in het Noorden". Dagblad van het Noorden.
  636. Kuldova, Tereza; Sánchez-Jankowski, Martín (25 April 2018). Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs and Street Gangs: Scheming Legality, Resisting Criminalization. ISBN 978-3-319-76120-6.
  637. "The Philadelphia Tribune Story". 25 April 2009. Archived from the original on 25 April 2009. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
  638. "Wheels Of Soul MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. December 29, 2015.
  639. Hayes, Bill (3 April 2018). The One Percenter Encyclopedia: The World of Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs from Abyss Ghosts to Zombies Elite. ISBN 978-0-7603-6053-8.
  640. https://www.xavier-raufer.com/archives/mcc-10-ans/IMG/pdf/44a1246001071.pdf
  641. "History | Wild Horde Czech MC". Archived from the original on 2016-07-29.
  642. Grillo, Chantel. "Bikers on a mission – CHCH". www.chch.com.
  643. Schneider, Stephen (9 December 2009). Iced: The Story of Organized Crime in Canada. ISBN 978-0-470-83500-5.
  644. Lavigne, Yves (1989). Hell's Angels: "Three Can Keep a Secret if Two Are Dead". ISBN 978-0-8184-0514-3.
  645. "Wino's Crew MC (Motorcycle Club)". One Percenter Bikers. August 8, 2016.
  646. Larson, Amy (July 7, 2014). "Hollister cops: 3 Boozefighter bikers shot after rally; clashed with Wino's". KSBW.
  647. McPhate, Christian. "Fort Worth Bandidos President Sentenced for Murder of Rival Biker Gang Member". Dallas Observer.
  648. Larsen, Lars Erik (June 8, 2012). "MC-klubb etablerer seg". NRK.
  649. "Court upholds ban on motorcycle club Satudarah | tellerreport.com". www.tellerreport.com.
  650. "Satudarah is en blijft verboden, zegt ook het hof". Omroep Brabant. June 18, 2019.
  651. "ECLI:NL:PHR:2020:593, Parket bij de Hoge Raad, 19/04311".
  652. "OM zet civiele middelen in voor verbod Satudarah MC". BijzonderStrafrecht.nl.
  653. Nederlanden, Hoge Raad der. "Verbod en ontbinding motorclub Satudarah Motorcycle blijft in stand". Hoge Raad.
  654. National Gang Intelligence Center (2011), National Gang Threat Assessment 2011: Emerging Trends, United States Department of Justice, p. 58
  655. "WOIO". Archived from the original on 2014-09-05. Retrieved 28 October 2014.
  656. Ed Meyer. "Man gets third trial in killing". ohio.com. Archived from the original on 28 October 2014. Retrieved 28 October 2014.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.