List of political parties in Turkey

Turkey is a presidential democracy with a multi-party system. Major parties are defined as political parties that received more than 10% of the votes in the latest general election and/or represented in parliament. Minor parties are defined as political parties that have fulfilled the requirements of the Supreme Election Council (Yüksek Seçim Kurulu in Turkish, abbreviated as YSK) and whose names have been listed on ballots. Forming a political party without prior permission is a constitutional right, but the Interior Ministry may delay registering a new party for years,[1][2] so the party cannot stand in elections.[3]

Politics of Turkey
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Executive
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Elections
Foreign relations
See also
 Turkey portal

If the ID and serial number of a person's Turkish identity card is known anyone can query their political party membership via the website of the General Prosecution Office of the Supreme Court of Appeal or mobile phone messages.[4][5]

Political parties represented in the Turkish Parliament
Main article: 2018 Turkish parliamentary election

General information about the parties holding seats in the Grand National Assembly as of 2021:[6]

# Party Leader Position Ideology MPs Metro. Mun. Municipalities Provincial council. Municipal Asse.
1 AKP Justice and Development Party
Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi		 Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Right-wing[7] Conservative democracy[8]
286 / 600
15 / 30
742 / 1,355
757 / 1,272
10,173 / 20,745
2 CHP Republican People's Party
Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi		 Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu Centre-left Social democracy[9]
Kemalism
Secularism
135 / 600
11 / 30
241 / 1,355
182 / 1,272
4,608 / 20,745
3 HDP Peoples' Democratic Party
Halkların Demokratik Partisi		 Mithat Sancar
Pervin Buldan		 Centre-left[10]
to left-wing[11]		 Kurdish nationalism
Democratic socialism
Secularism[12]
56 / 600
3 / 30
101 / 1,355
57 / 1,272
1,293 / 20,745
4 MHP Nationalist Movement Party
Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi		 Devlet Bahçeli Far-right[13] Turkish ultranationalism[14]
Idealism[15]
47 / 600
1 / 30
233 / 1,355
188 / 1,272
2,819 / 20,745
5 İYİ Good Party
İYİ Parti		 Meral Akşener Centre[16] to
right-wing[17]		 Turkish nationalism
Social justice[18]
Kemalism[19]
36 / 600
0 / 30
24 / 1,355
23 / 1,272
1,092 / 20,745
Those who do not have a political group
TİP Workers' Party of Turkey
Türkiye İşçi Partisi		 Erkan Baş Left-wing to far-left Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Left-wing populism
4 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
DP Democrat Party
Demokrat Parti		 Gültekin Uysal Centre-right Liberal conservatism
2 / 600
0 / 30
8 / 1,355
1 / 1,272
135 / 20,745
MP Homeland Party
Memleket Partisi		 Muharrem İnce Centre-left Kemalism
Social democracy
2 / 600
0 / 30
1 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
BBP Great Unity Party
Büyük Birlik Partisi		 Mustafa Destici Far-right Turkish ultranationalism
Islamism
1 / 600
0 / 30
6 / 1,355
4 / 1,272
165 / 20,745
SP Felicity Party
Saadet Partisi		 Temel Karamollaoğlu Far-right Millî Görüş
Islamism
1 / 600
0 / 30
21 / 1,355
3 / 1,272
295 / 20,745
DEVA Democracy and Progress Party
Demokrasi ve Atılım Partisi		 Ali Babacan Centre[20] to
centre-right[21]		 Liberal democracy[22]
Progressivism[23]
1 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
3 / 20,745
DBP Democratic Regions Party
Demokratik Bölgeler Partisi		 Saliha Aydeniz
Keskin Bayındır		 Left-wing Democratic socialism
Social democracy
1 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
YP Innovation Party
Yenilik Partisi		 Öztürk Yılmaz Centre-left Civic nationalism
Kemalism
1 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
ZP Victory Party
Zafer Partisi		 Ümit Özdağ Right-wing Anti-immigration
1 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
Independents
Bağımsızlar
7 / 600
Vacant
Boş
19 / 600
Total600

The number of deputies required to form a political party group in the Turkish Parliament is 20.

Political parties with the same number of deputy members are listed alphabetically.

Other political parties

Other parties eligible to contest in elections (by january 2022)[24][25]

Party Leader Position Ideology MPs Metro. Mun. Municipalities Provincial council. Municipal Asse.
ANAP Motherland Party
Anavatan Partisi		 İbrahim Çelebi Centre-right Liberal conservatism
0 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
BTP Independent Turkey Party
Bağımsız Türkiye Partisi		 Hüseyin Baş Right-wing Economic nationalism
Social conservatism
0 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
DSP Democratic Left Party
Demokratik Sol Parti		 Önder Aksakal Centre-left Social democracy
Kemalism
0 / 600
0 / 30
4 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
97 / 20,745
GP Future Party
Gelecek Partisi		 Ahmet Davutoğlu Right-wing Conservatism
Liberal conservatism
0 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
GP Young Party
Genç Parti		 Hakan Uzan Centre Economic liberalism
Secularism
0 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
HÜDA PAR Free Cause Party
Hür Dava Partisi		 Mehmet Yavuz Far-right Islamism
Religious conservatism
0 / 600
0 / 30
1 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
6 / 20,745
MYP Conservative Ascension Party
Muhafazakar Yükseliş Partisi		 Engin Yılmaz Right-wing Social conservatism
Turkish nationalism
0 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
EMEK Labour Party Emek Partisi Ercüment Akdeniz Far-left Communism

Marxism–Leninism

Hoxhaism
0 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
SOL Parti Left Party
SOL Parti		 Önder İşleyen Left-wing to far-left Socialism
Left-wing populism
0 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
TKH Communist Movement of Turkey
Türkiye Komünist Hareketi		 Aysel Tekerek Far-left Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Hard Euroscepticism
0 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
TKP Communist Party of Turkey
Türkiye Komünist Partisi		 Kemal Okuyan Far-left Communism
Marxism–Leninism
0 / 600
0 / 30
1 / 1,355
3 / 1,272
11 / 20,745
VP Patriotic Party
Vatan Partisi		 Doğu Perinçek Left-wing to far-left Left-wing nationalism
Eurasianism
0 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
5 / 20,745
YRP New Welfare Party
Yeniden Refah Partisi		 Fatih Erbakan Far-right Millî Görüş
Islamism
0 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
5 / 20,745
Number of MPs: "Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi Milletvekilleri Dağılımı". Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi (in Turkish). Grand National Assembly of Turkey. Retrieved 2021-10-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link), Official member numbers, foundation years and leaders: "Siyasi Parti Genel Bilgileri". Yargıtay Cumhuriyet Başsavcılığı (in Turkish). Court of Cassation. 2021-01-15. Retrieved 2020-11-15.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link), Municipalities: "31 Mart 2019 Mahalli İdareler Seçimleri". T.C. Yüksek Seçim Kurulu (in Turkish). Supreme Electoral Council. Retrieved 2020-11-06.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

General information on other political parties registered in the Ministry of Interior:

Abbr. Party Name Turkish name Leader(s) Position Ideology Date of foundation
1920 TKP Socialist Liberation PartyToplumcu Kurtuluş Partisi Far-leftCommunism, Marxism–Leninism 2012
SA Socialist AlternativeSosyalist Alternatif Collective leadership Far-leftSocialism, Marxism, Trotskyism, Euroscepticism2013
EMEP Labour PartyEmek Partisi Selma Gürkan Left-wingCommunism, Marxism–Leninism 1996
DSİP Revolutionary Socialist Workers' PartyDevrimci Sosyalist İşçi Partisi Şevket Doğan Tarkan Left-wing Trotskyism1997
DİP Revolutionary Workers' PartyDevrimci İşçi Partisi Ömer Sungur Savran Left-wing Trotskyism2007
LDP Liberal Democratic PartyLiberal Demokrat Parti Gültekin Tırpancı Centre Classical liberalism1994
TSİP Socialist Workers' Party of TurkeyTürkiye Sosyalist İşçi Partisi Turgut Koçak Far-leftCommunism, Marxism–Leninism, Anti-revisionism1993
YURT-P Homeland PartyYurt Partisi Conservative2002
TURAN Great Turan Movement PartyTuran Hareketi Partisi Far-rightNationalism, Turanism 2014
ÖTÜKEN Ötüken Union PartyÖtüken Birliği Partisi Far-rightNationalism, Pan-Turkism 2017
ULUSAL National PartyUlusal Parti Gökçe Fırat ÇulhaoğluFar-rightNationalism 2010
MMP National Struggle PartyMilli Mücadele Partisi Far-rightNationalism 2014
- Green PartyYeşiller Partisi Emine Özkan (female spokesperson)
Koray Doğan Urbarlı (male spokesperson)		Green liberal2020
- Green Left PartyYeşil Sol Parti Eylem Tuncaelli, Naci SönmezLeft-wingGreen politics2012
- Women's PartyKadın Partisi Fatma Benal YazganLeft Feminism 2014
- Centre PartyMerkez Parti Abdurrahim KarslıCentreLiberal2014

Former

Inactive parties

The following parties are inactive, and they are not listed in the active political parties list by the Supreme Court of Appeal.[26]

Party Name Turkish name Abbr. Ideology Position
Democracy Party of Turkey & KurdistanTürkiye Kürdistan Demokrasi Partisi T-KDP Kurdish nationalismCentre-left
Alternative and Change PartyAlternatif ve Değişim Partisi AL PARTİ ConservativeRight-wing
Nation and Justice PartyMillet ve Adalet Partisi MİLAD ConservativeCentre-right
People's Ascent PartyHalkın Yükselişi Partisi HYP Liberal
Turkey's Change MovementTürkiye Değişim Hareketi TDH Liberal
Social Reconciliation Reform and Development PartyToplumsal Uzlaşma Reform ve Kalkınma Partisi TURK-P Nationalism
Independent Republican PartyBağımsız Cumhuriyet Partisi BCP Nationalism
Electronic Democracy PartyElektronik Demokrasi Partisi e-Parti LiberalSingle-issue

Defunct and historical parties

These are some of the parties that were dismantled because of their internal dynamics, mergers, inability to find electoral base or through governmental intervention, for instance following the Turkish coups d'état.

Defunct and historical parties
Party Name Position Notes
Alternative Party (Alternatif Parti) Right-wing Conservative
Participatory Democracy Party (Katılımcı Demokrasi Partisi) Centre-left dissolved in 2019
Anatolia Party (Anadolu Partisi) Centre-left dissolved in 2015
Democratic Left People's Party (Demokratik Sol Halk Partisi) Centre-left dissolved in 2010
New Turkey Party (2002) (Yeni Türkiye Partisi) Left-wing joined CHP in 2004
Social Democracy Party (SODEP) (Sosyal Demokrat Parti) Centre-left merged with People's Party to form Social Democratic Populist Party (SHP) in 1985
People's Party (Halkçı Parti) Left-wing merged with SODEP to form Social Democratic Populist Party (SHP) in 1985
Social Democratic Populist Party (Sosyaldemokrat Halkçı Parti) Left-wing merged with CHP in 1995
Socialist Democracy Party (Sosyalist Demokrasi Partisi) Left-wing merged to Peoples' Democratic Party in 2015
People's Communist Party of Turkey (Halkın Türkiye Komünist Partisi) Far-left dissolved in 2017
Republican Villagers Nation Party (Cumhuriyetçi Köylü Millet Partisi) Nationalist merger of two parties, replaced by MHP in 1969
Nationalist Task Party (Milliyetçi Çalışma Partisi) Nationalist replaced by MHP in 1992
Nationalist Democracy Party (Milliyetçi Demokrasi Partisi) Nationalist dissolved 1986
Rights and Equality Party (Hak ve Eşitlik Partisi) Nationalist, Populist dissolved 2019
Greens of Turkey (Yeşiller Partisi) Green politics merged with EDP to form Greens and the Left Party of the Future (Yeşiller ve Sol Gelecek Partisi) in 2012.
Equality and Democracy Party (Eşitlik ve Demokrasi Partisi) Green politics merged with the Greens to form Greens and the Left Party of the Future (Yeşiller ve Sol Gelecek Partisi) in 2012.
Justice Party (Adalet Partisi) Conservative, right-wing closed on 12 September 1980
Communist Party (Komünist Parti) Far-left Member of United June Movement, Initiative of Communist and Workers' Parties and International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties. Founded in 2014, Dissolved in 2017
Democrat Party (Demokrat Parti) Right-wing 1946-1961
Nation Party (Millet Partisi) Right-wing 1948–1953 and 1962–1977
New Party (Yeni Parti) Centre-left dissolved 2012
Democratic Party (Demokrat Parti) Right-wing 1970-1980
Democratic Center Party (Demokratik Merkez Partisi) Right-wing merged into DYP on September 14, 1991
True Path Party (Doğru Yol Partisi) Right-wing merged with Motherland Party into Democrat Party (Turkey, 2007) in 2007
New Turkey Party (1961) (Yeni Türkiye Partisi) Right-wing joined to Justice Party in 1973
People's Voice Party (Halkın Sesi Partisi) Right-wing dissolved in 2012
Turkey Party (Türkiye Partisi) Right-wing dissolved in 2012
Liberal Republican Party (Serbest Cumhuriyet Fırkası) Liberal dissolved itself in 1930
Liberty Party (Hürriyet Partisi) Liberal joined CHP in 1958
National Salvation Party (Milli Selâmet Partisi) Sunni Islamist closed on 12 September 1980
National Development Party (Milli Kalkınma Partisi) Sunni Islamist

Banned parties

These are some of the parties that were banned through extraordinary courts or the Constitutional Court of Turkey.

Banned parties
Party Name Position Notes
Fatherland Party (Vatan Partisi) Left-wing banned in 1954
Workers Party of Turkey (Türkiye İşçi Partisi) Left-wing banned in 1971, represented in the national senate in early 1960s. (1961–1987) eventually merged with the Communist Party of Turkey in 1987.
United Communist Party of Turkey (Türkiye Birleşik Komünist Partisi) Left-wing banned in 1991; ban found contrary to Article 11 (freedom of association) of the European Convention on Human Rights, 1998 (1987–1991)
Labour Party (Turkey) (Emek Partisi) Left-wing ban found contrary to Article 11 (freedom of association) of the European Convention on Human Rights, 2005, and re-established
Progressive Republican Party (Terakkiperver Cumhuriyet Fırkası) Conservative banned on 3 June 1925 (1924–1925)
National Order Party (Milli Nizam Partisi) Sunni Islamist banned on 20 May 1971 (1970–1971)
Welfare Party (Refah Partisi) Sunni Islamist banned on 16 January 1998; (1983-1998)

ban upheld by European Convention on Human Rights 2003

Virtue Party (Fazilet Partisi) Sunni Islamist banned on 22 June 2001; (1998-2001) ECHR case withdrawn by applicant 2005
People's Labor Party (Halkın Emek Partisi) Kurdish nationalist banned in July 1993 (1990-1993)
Democracy Party (Demokrasi Partisi) Kurdish nationalist banned on 16 June 1994; found contrary to Article 11 (freedom of association) of the European Convention on Human Rights, 2002 (1993-1994)
People’s Democracy Party (Halkın Demokrasi Partisi) Kurdish nationalist banned on 13 March 2003; found contrary to Article 11 (freedom of association) of the European Convention on Human Rights, 2010 (1994-2003)
Democratic Society Party (Demokratik Toplum Partisi) Kurdish nationalist banned on 11 December 2009; ECHR case ongoing (2005-2009)
Great Turkey Party (Büyük Türkiye Partisi) Turkish nationalist banned in 1983

See also

References
  1. "We are starting the legal process to use our democratic right!". Green Party (Turkey). Retrieved 2021-03-22.
  2. Ergin, Sedat. "Türkiye'de bir Yeşiller Partisi kurmaya kalktığınızda" [When you try to establish a Green Party in Turkey]. Hürriyet (in Turkish). Retrieved 2021-12-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  3. Keyman, Fuat (2022-01-22). "Yeşiller Partisi niye engelleniyor ve Muhalefet ne yapmalı?" [Why is the Green Party blocked and what should the Opposition do?]. PolitikYol (in Turkish). Retrieved 2022-01-27.
  4. "Duties Relating to Political Parties". Court of Cassation (Turkey). Retrieved 22 March 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. "Siyasi Parti Üyeliği".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  6. https://www.tbmm.gov.tr/develop/owa/milletvekillerimiz_sd.dagilim
  7. Soner Çağaptay (17 October 2015). "Turkey's divisions are so deep they threaten its future". Guardian. Archived from the original on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
  8. "Arşivlenmiş kopya". Archived from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
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  10. Oxford Analytica (2019). Turkish leader will assess and address opposition wins.
  11. Celep 2014, p. 166.
  12. "HDP Parti Programı" (in Turkish). Archived from the original on 10 December 2015. Retrieved 18 January 2014. Yerel demokrasi anlayışımız, temsili demokrasiyi aşan doğrudan demokrasiye dayanır ... Demokrasiyi temsili meclisle sınırlı görmeyen Partimiz, halkın tartışma, örgütlenme ve karar mekanizmalarına doğrudan katılımının önündeki tüm engellerin kaldırılmasını, her düzeyde halk denetiminin geliştirilmesini, halkın söz ve karar hakkını savunur ve gerçekleştirir.
  14. " "MHP Parti Programı" (in Turkish). p. 14-15. Retrieved 18 January 2014. İnsan hak ve hürriyetleri, hukukun üstünlüğü ve adalet gibi değerler, Türk Milliyetçiliği'nin ilk ve temel adımları ve Milliyetçi Hareket Partisinin temel referanslarıdır.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  15. " "MHP Parti Programı" (in Turkish). p. 16. Retrieved 18 January 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  18. "İYİ Parti programı" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 June 2018. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
  19. "Turkish nationalists form new party challenging Erdogan | DW | 25.10.2017". Deutsche Welle.
  20. "Where do you position the DEVA Party on the political spectrum?". DEVA. 1 December 2020.
  22. "Siyaset Bilimciler DEVA'yı Değerlendirdi Ali Babacan Liberal Restorasyon Vadediyor". evrensel.net. 13 March 2020. Archived from the original on 15 March 2020.
  23. "DEVA Partisi Genel Başkanı Ali Babacan: Atatürk'ün ilerlemeye yaptığı vurguya ithafta bulunduk". Yeni Çağ Gazetesi (in Turkish). 2020-07-07. Retrieved 2021-03-06.
  24. Haber, Tiraj (2021-04-08). "Gelecek Partisi'nin itirazı kabul edildi seçime girebilecek parti sayısı 20 oldu". Tiraj Haber (in Turkish). Retrieved 2021-07-13.
  25. Yorulmaz, Atakan. "Seçime girme yeterliliğine sahip partiler Resmi Gazete'de yayımlandı - Son dakika haberleri – Sözcü". Sözcü Gazetesi (in Turkish). Retrieved 2022-03-31.
  26. "Faaliyette Olan Siyasi Partiler". The Supreme Court of Appeal. Retrieved 22 March 2021.
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