Nawab of Awadh

The Nawabs of Awadh were semi-autonomous rulers within the fragmented polities of Mughal India after the death in 1707 of Aurangzeb. They fought wars with the Peshwa, the Battle of Bhopal (1737) against the Maratha Confederacy (which was opposed to the Mughal Empire), and the Battle of Karnal (1739) as courtiers of the "Great Moghul".[4]

The Nawabs of Awadh, along with many other Nawabs, were regarded as members of the nobility of the greater Mughal Empire. They joined Ahmad Shah Durrani during the Third Battle of Panipat (1761) and restored Shah Alam II (r. 1760–1788 and 1788–1806) to the imperial throne. The Nawab of Awadh also fought the Battle of Buxar (1764) in the aftermath of the Battle of Plassey (1757), preserving the interests of the Moghul. Oudh State eventually declared itself independent from the rule of the "Great Moghul" in 1818.[5]

All of these rulers used the title of Nawab from 1722 to 1856:

Portrait	Titular Name	Personal Name	Birth	Reign	Death
	Burhan ul Mulk Sa'adat Khan برہان الملک سعادت خان	Saadat Ali Khan I	1680 Nishapur, Khurasan, Safavid dynasty, Persia	1722 – 19 March 1739	1739
	Abul-Mansur Khan Safdar Jung ابو المنصور خان صفدرجنگ	Muhammad Muqim	1708	1739 – 5 October 1754	1754
	Shuja-ud-Daula شجاع الدولہ	Jalal-ud-din Haider Abul-Mansur Khan	1732	1754 – 26 January 1775	1775
	Asaf-ud-Daula آصف الدولہ	Muhammad Yahya Mirza Amani	1748	26 January 1775 – 20 April 1797	1798
	Asif Jah Mirza	Wazir Ali Khan وزیر علی خان	1780	21 September 1797 – 21 January 1798	1817
	Yamin-ud-Daula	Saadat Ali Khan II سعادت علی خان	1752	21 January 1798 – 11 July 1814	1814
	Ghazi-ud-din-Haider	Ghazi-ud-din Haidar غازی الدیں حیدر شاہ	1769	11 July 1814 – 19 October 1827	1827
	Abul- Mansur Qutub-ud-din Sulaiman jah	Nasir-ud-Din Haidar Shah ناصر الدیں حیدر شاہ	1827	19 October 1827 – 7 July 1837	1837
	Abul Fateh Moin-ud-din	Muhammad Ali Shah محمّد علی شاہ	1777	7 July 1837 – 7 May 1842	1842
	Najm-ud-Daula Abul-Muzaffar Musleh-ud-din	Amjad Ali Shah امجد علی شاہ	1801	7 May 1842 – 13 February 1847	1847
	Abul-Mansur Mirza	Wajid Ali Shah واجد علی شاہ	1822	13 February 1847 – 11 February 1856	1 September 1887
	Mohhamadi khanum	Begum hazrat Mahal بیگم حضرت محل	1820	11 February 1856 – 5 July1857 Wife of Wajid Ali Shah and mother of Birjis Qadra	7 April 1879
	Ramzan ali رمضان علی	Birjis Qadr بر جیس قدر	1845	5 July 1857 – 3 March 1858 (in rebellion)	14 August 1893

• 
  Saadat Ali Khan I, the first Nawab of Awadh, who laid the foundation of that state.
• 
  Safdarjung is accused of making peace with the Maratha Confederacy.
• 
  Shuja-ud-Daula fought the Maratha Confederacy during the Third Battle of Panipat on behalf of the Great Moghul, he's also known to have fought during the Battle of Buxar.
• 
  Gates of the Palace at Lucknow by W. Daniell, 1801.
• 
  Gate of the Lal-Bagh fort at Faizabad in 1801.

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• Ashirbadi Lal Srivastava (1899-1973): The First Two Nawabs of Awadh. A critical study based on original sources. With a foreword by Sir Jadunath Sarkar. Lucknow : The Upper India Publishing House 1933. xi, 301 S. - Originally Phil. Diss. Lucknow 1932. 2. rev. and corr. ed. Agra : Shiv Lal Agarwal 1954. - About Burhan ul Mulk Sa'adat Khan (1680-1739) and Safdar Jang (1708-1754), Nawabs of Awadh
• Ashirbadi Lal Srivastava (1899-1973): Shuja-ud-Daulah. Vol. I (1754-1765). Calcutta : Sarkar Midland Press 1939 - A thesis approved for the degree of doctor of letters by the Agra University in 1938. 2., rev. and corr. ed. Agra : Shiva Lal Agarwala 1961. - Vol. II (1765-1775) Lahore : Minerva 1945. 2. ed. Agra : Agarwal 1974. - About Shuja-ud-Daula (1732-1775), Nawab of Awadh

• Nawabs of Awadh
• THE COURT LIFE UNDER THE NAWABS OF AWADH (1754–1797)
• Roots of North Indian Shi‘ism in Iran and Iraq:Religion and State in Awadh, 1722–1859, by J. R. I. Cole. University of California Press, 1989.
• HISTORICAL SERIES No. LVI
• Advanced study in the history of modern India, Volume 2, by G. S. Chhabra, Lotus Press, 1 January 2005