Ohh. If this is what you mean then what you need to do is talk to a fabric historian. (Yes thise exist). They can show you woven fabric from 100 years ago and 200 years ago vs today and you can see with your naked eye how a farmer in 1850 had higher quality clothing than anything you can get today and that’s why his clothing lasted 10 years despite being washed in kerosene and boiled vs your clothing that falls apart.

…. Yeah now that I think about it I’m sad because your question is essentially “why aren’t there scientific studies about this thing that is glaringly obvious to anyone who knows any textile history or has purchased old clothing” and I’m realizing a lot of things in the world are like that.

Edit: also your post is misleading. You asked about quality. What you actually care about is price. No, more expensive clothing is not objectively better than cheap clothing. That’s called marketing.