If you have a some kind of foil or other backing thats between the foam and the F26, you might be okay. If you put the adhesive directly on the foam, the foam board may come loose and fall down. I don’t what the timeframe is for that to happen.

I worked for Lowes years ago. Lowes employees must pass training and testing for their department to be assigned to that department. The employees in paint, plumbing, and lumber would be required to know the adhesives and coatings that can be used on foam board and similar products like tub surrounds. The problem comes when employees from other departments help you. Those other employee may not be required to know about adhesives and coatings. I wouldn’t be surprised if an employee from millworks or hardware was helping you and said you could use construction adhesive on foam board. They are technically correct, but employee might not know that there are different construction adhesives for different applications. I worked in Hardware, Tools, and Millworks. I was never required to know about the various adhesives. The way I learned about PL300 was when Lowes sent me to Pella to learn about sealing around Pella windows. Pella showed us multiple methods including a combination of foam board and PL 300.

This video explains the most common adhesives and sealants used in home construction: https://youtu.be/wZhGA-zrN_U