>On average our experts predicted that 39 percent of the time spent on a domestic task will be automatable within ten years.

From the paper's abstract (Lehdonvirta etal 2023. As always, the headlines seem to capture it just right.

>Japanese male experts were notably pessimistic about the potentials of domestic automation, a result we interpret through gender disparities in the Japanese household. Our contributions are providing the first quantitative estimates concerning the future of unpaid work and demonstrating how such predictions are socially contingent, with implications to forecasting methodology.

This was the purpose of the paper, not the survey or the 39% number. It's to improve the methodology of these kinds of surveys and show that there is cultural bias in respondents that must be weighted.