Impressive applied ML results will come in healthcare, multimedia (e.g., video summarization), sustainability, efficient ML (e.g., TinyML), robotics (e.g., vision-language navigation), human-machine interaction, and more. It's important for our community to value research that uses smaller domain-specific datasets, as well as massive datasets.

But many of the greatest breakthroughs in the next decade will probably come from collaborations between those academic ML researchers and large industry labs.