Radiological imaging particularly with larger radiation doses are not ordered on potentially pregnant individuals, a pregnancy test may not be offered to a male before imaging putting the offspring at risk. This is also true of some medications like accutane. Though there are reports a new medical recommendation will be including a question for the patients potential to be pregnant to all patients regardless of their sex reported on their file.

Then there are some anatomical differences in the location of certain blood vessels, glands, organs, that aren’t exactly visually apparent, but I can’t say this would be problematic in a surgical setting, maybe problematic in a diagnostic setting.

There can be differences in reported symptoms between sexes, and some medications maybe more effective for a particular sex than another.