It can be, though the context of how the money is created matters.

Nailing down exactly what money is is a good starting point. Most economists define money by its functions:

• Money is a medium of exchange - you can buy things with it instead of bartering.
• Money is a store of value - you can earn money today and buy something with it tomorrow or next year.
• Money is a unit of account - you can use it to express the price of goods, and thus allow accounting.
• Money is a standard of deferred payment - you can use money to express the idea that someone owes you X money by Y date, rather than needing all aspects of the transaction to happen concurrently.

Keeping the monetary economy stable is broadly the process supporting those functions.

The management of the money supply primarily impacts the role of money as a store of value (though that in turn has implications on the other roles).
Importantly, money need not be a perfect store of value - and no currency ever has been. But it does need to be relatively stable.
If money is created without regards to managing this, it can cause inflation. If money is removed from the money supply without attention to this, it can cause deflation.

Specific forms of money creation, however, can have different degrees of impact. The example you gave - a loan has a diminished impact because the money is created in pair with a debt to be paid: in effect, an equal amount of negative money is created in the form of the debt. There will still be some impact - people value today money more than tomorrow money. This idea is called the "present value of future money," and the difference between the current value of the money and the value of that same money in the future is called the "discount rate." The nuts and bolts can be more complicated, but for the 1000 foot view, you can consider the impact of a loan on the money supply to be more closely related to the discount rate than the raw value of the loan.

This gets at the idea that there are different kinds of money supplies. Economics has terms for these kinds of currency. M0 is actual, hard currency. It's issued by the government only, and it's the most disruptive if produced recklessly. Pointedly, sound government's don't do that: that's why, for example, the Federal Reserve generally addresses the money supply by issuing treasuries rather making additional US dollars.

M1 is fairly close related: it's M0 plus most of what would seem like a normal bank account to most people. M2 also includes money market accounts and similar. Money creation here should still be fairly well controlled.

M3 & M4 starts working in terms of sovereign debt and commercial paper. This tends to be what we're talking about when people panic about "The Fed is creating money!1!!1!." But all of this supply is created in terms of debt obligations. Like your loan example, the impact is diminished by the negative value of the debt.