It’s all experience. Just keep listening to gear and talking to people and you’ll get it eventually. It also helps hanging out in other forums with more experienced people like head-fi. Ask questions whenever you can because most people in my experience are glad to help.

Also attend local meets/conventions if you have any near you and see if there are any hifi stores near you that allow you to demo headphones (most will allow it)

Also don’t take every word as truth. For example I see people on here criticizing anybody who buys expensive gear, but somewhere else I see people saying that the same gear makes a difference in audio quality. Same thing goes for graphs/data vs personal preferences. Like I said, experience is the best thing for you to learn. Listen to things yourself before discounting a certain viewpoint

For the reference, it’s been 1.5 years since I’ve started out with headphones and I still get confused occasionally. It’s a deep rabbit hole!