You don't plead guilty at this point, even if you intend to plead guilty later. It is completely expected that he would plead not guilty. He can still negotiate a plead deal.

From what I can see, it really depends on what evidence they have that demonstrate his state of mind for intent to defraud investors and customers, especially when it comes to directing Caroline and Gary to commit the fraud they have already plead guilty to. It's not entirely out of the question that Caroline and Gary were working together and lying to Sam to hide their trading losses as a result of degen gambling. But I'm going to let the evidence tell us what happened.