From your APA source:

As in many areas of science, some researchers disagree about the validity of the studies on physical punishment. Robert Larzelere, PhD, an Oklahoma State University professor who studies parental discipline, was a member of the APA task force who issued his own minority report because he disagreed with the scientific basis of the task force recommendations. While he agrees that parents should reduce their use of physical punishment, he says most of the cited studies are correlational and don’t show a causal link between physical punishment and long-term negative effects for children.

“The studies do not discriminate well between non-abusive and overly severe types of corporal punishment,” Larzelere says. “You get worse outcomes from corporal punishment than from alternative disciplinary techniques only when it is used more severely or as the primary discipline tactic.”

In a meta-analysis of 26 studies, Larzelere and a colleague found that an approach they described as “conditional spanking” led to greater reductions in child defiance or anti-social behavior than 10 of 13 alternative discipline techniques, including reasoning, removal of privileges and time out (Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 2005). Larzelere defines conditional spanking as a disciplinary technique for 2- to 6-year-old children in which parents use two open-handed swats on the buttocks only after the child has defied milder discipline such as time out.

I have a very good friend who trains working dogs, and the above method sounds very much like his approach to nipping dogs. The purpose of a small electric shock is not retribution, it's to force a break in concentration. A beagle on the scent of a rabbit is a very special kind of focus, and sometimes they just don't listen to commands so the electric shock is only used after verbal commands and warning tones have failed. To me this is exactly how my parents raised me, when I was disrespectful a warning was given, and if I continued to press the issue the threat was acted upon.

As far as I can tell, this is how the real world works, people will only have so much tolerance for verbal abuse before they will solve their problems with physical violence, and the reason you're seeing the rise of the Karen is because this lesson was not instilled in them as a child. Getting licked by your parents for disrespectful behavior is a lot better of a place to learn that your words have physical consequences than getting beat down by an underpaid & overworked Amazon Employee.