Doesn't matter where you live. Your 401k follows US rules. Leave it where it is or roll it over to an IRA. Keep it fully invested. When you get to retirement, you'll pay US taxes on the amounts withdrawn. No matter where you live.

what will be your employment status? Will you be an ex-pat working for your current employer?

Do you expect to return to USA?

You need to pay back the loan within, by law, I think 60 days after quitting. If you fail to do so by the next tax-filing deadline, it then becomes a dis-qualified withdrawal, subject to taxes and penalties.

Generally, rolling the thing to an IRA is the best thing to with the 401k.

You may find these links helpful:

• 401(k) Fund Selection Guide
• 401(k) FAQs
• "How to handle $"

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This is super helpful. I will be looking for new employment and will not be working as an expat with my current employer. If I roll it over into an IRA will I be able to access it in the EU?

Thanks for your help.

Once you leave your company that you have the 401k loan through, you will need to immediately pay it back or it will be considered an early distribution and you'll have to pay tax plus a penalty on it.

I suggest moving it to an IRA with Fidelity or similar. You'll have full control of it. Keep a US bank account open so that you can easily transfer money in or out of it (hard to do from an overseas bank account). Open the IRA account and do their paperwork to transfer the money directly, don't you withdraw it. If you withdraw it you risk getting hit with a lot of taxes and penalties if you don't put it in the IRA quickly enough.