The new index, an empirical dietary inflammatory index (eDII), is based on 8 pro-inflammatory components (red meats, processed meats, organ meats, other fish, eggs, sugar-sweetened beverages, tomatoes, and refined grains) and 8 anti-inflammatory components (leafy green vegetables, dark yellow vegetables, fruit juice, oily fish, coffee, tea, wine, and beer or other alcohol beverages).

Not a fan of their definition of inflammatory.

Booze and juice ? Garbage

The abstract

Objective: We aimed to evaluate whether depression is associated with increased risk of dietary inflammatory index (DII) or energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) and whether the association is partly explained by insulin resistance (IR).

Methods: Base on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2018. Univariate analyses of continuous and categorical variables were performed using t-test, ANOVA, and χ2 test, respectively. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between DII or E-DII and depression in three different models. Mediation analysis was used to assess the potential mediation effects of homeostatic model assessment-IR (HOMA-IR).

Results: A total of 70,190 participants were included, and the DII score was higher in the depressed group. DII score was related to all participant characteristics except age (p < 0.05). After being included in covariates (Model 3), participants in the highest quartile of DII score have increased odds of depression (OR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.28–2.58) compared with those in the first quartile of DII score. And, a significant dose–response relationship was found (p-trend <0.05). No interaction between DII and HOMA-IR was observed in terms of the risk of depression, and HOMA-IR did not find to play a mediating role in the association between DII and depression. Similar results were obtained for the association between E-DII and depression.

Conclusion: Our results suggest that a higher pro-inflammatory diet increases the risk of depression in U.S. adults, while there was no evidence of a multiplicative effect of DII or E-DII and HOMA-IR on disease risk, nor of a mediating effect of HOMA-IR.

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Ok, so first, I think Frontiers is trash. I am very biased against them. Disclosure : )

Where the heck is this 70K coming from? The consort shows 42k, and only 11k included, and 860 with depression.

So the REAL important sample size is 860 with depression. Compared to 10k without... but the focus on odds ratio may alleviate the sample size difference problems.

Also t he depressed and non depressed groups differ on almost EVERYTHING. So why the focus on this diet effect. They have different BMI, blood pressure, age, gender. You can't necessary jsut 'covary' those out. They could have run a sensitivity analysis limiting that 10k non depressed people to a sample matched across other variables. There are challenges here too but... would have strengthen the results.

Lastly, the measure of depression is weak at best, and not at all diagnostic. But that's very typically a challenge of cohort studies.

Some interesting findings maybe, but if I had to rate it (I don't but I'm gonna), C+.

EDIT PS: Seriously, where the hell does that 70k in the abstract come from? Seems so deceptive to me!

gut = linked to brain in ways we will not fully understand for decades, if ever.

kill the good gut tiny winy's,...and there you go.