Hence why Type 1 diabetes persists after the initial cause- often severe infection- is dealt with, in addition to the profound damage to the pancreas.

However, colonization or infection with such bacteria would likely exacerbate symptoms, since the autoantibodies were originally produced in response to the bacteria and expression would increase on any reinfection or colonial growth.

Autoimmune conditions are immensely tricky at baseline and our understanding of human microbiomes is still so limited that it's hard to say what might happen in either scenario.