also, to show some of the subtleties of this topic here is a chart for vets on neutering recommendations for dogs... they vary quite widely... https://www.theinternetpetvet.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/fvets-07-00388-t001.jpg

in many breeds neutering can increase the risk of, as the chart says, joint disorders and cancers. (also potentially applicable for humans, tho castration might e.g. reduce risk of prostate cancer)