You could, of course, just tell me the answer..

How is suspended from school 'for several days' the same as losing you a year at school?

Which literature?

I don't see anything in those paragraphs which addresses my question.

Are all <2.5 micrometer particles equally damaging, or does the chemical constitution of the particle affect the harm it does?

Wonderful research showing that if you only look at those who are deficient in the things which walnuts contain, eating additional walnuts can help. No actual test cases, just looked at the nutrients. It was no surprise to find this was funded by the Californian Walnut Commission.

Nothing that I read offered a solution. They implied that pre-carbonating gets over the problem of cracking of the concrete as it carbonates, but that isn't a serious issue. Corrosion of reinforcing steel can and does occur in uncracked concrete if the pH is not kept alkaline. The permeability of the concrete to air is ample to allow this. Subsequently cracking occurs because the corrosion products have a higher volume than the steel they replace. The cracking is a result of the corrosion, not the cause of it.

No reason why not, but it tends to be an expensive alternative.

If you pre-carbonate the concrete you are not going to have the alkaline environment which prevents the corrosion of the steel reinforcement in the concrete. That will necessarily lead to expansive corrosion and spalling of the concrete. An approach like this might be effective for mass concrete, with no reinforcement, but that's a very small part of the concrete market.

Gee whizz..

"I won't need anaesthetics, I'll pass out just looking at you"

> How she likes .. Ect.

Electroconvulsive therapy? That's pretty extreme. Sounds like my sort of gal.

(I hope that's what you meant and not just a misspelt 'etc' meaning 'and so on')

What a monster.

Why have you (in essence) reposted u/messedupwh0re's story from earlier today?

The article doesn't make clear (as far as I can see) whether this filtration system is a once-through system which needs to be replaced once used up, or whether there is a technique for replenishing the filter to allow continuing or multiple uses. Single-use filters can be a problem as you end up replacing one pollutant with another (the used filter).

Did I ever suggest to the contrary? A combination of checking the validity of the premises and the logic of the argument is the only tool we have.

If you accept that starting from a false premise counts as a fallacious argument that's easy. Example:

• The bible is the source of all valid ethics
• The bible approves of slavery [demonstrably true]
• Therefore slavery is ethically acceptable

or

• The quality of a movie can be assessed by its reviews in the media
• Media reviews of the Godfather were more positive than for all other films in history [almost certainly not true]
• Therefore the Godfather is the best movie ever.

From what I can see, the cost of this glass - including the energy cost in production - would outweigh the cost of the plastic, including incineration after use.

Example?

Quite. A flawed argument will not convince me that some proposition is true, but it also won't convince me that it is false. It just remains unproven (in this context).

For what it's worth, my mother gave me a copy of Thouless' "Straight and Crooked Thinking" when I was around 10 to 12 years old (my memory fades on the precise date), and it has guided me these past 55 years. My position is that you can't prove a point by using fallacious arguments, but that without arguments you can't prove anything.

Surely the key point is that just because an argument contains a fallacy, it doesn't follow that the conclusion reached is wrong. Once that is acknowledged, all the rest falls pretty easily into place.

Useful to stress that to people - even if you stand up to them, they generally don't send out the noods.

Check back with us - did they actually send the noods? My guess is they didn't - if they do it helps law enforcement track them down.

That's the paper. Where's the peer review?