Possibly not the ideal solution but I would suggest taking sections of the spectrogram as images (perhaps with overlap) and feeding that into a multi-label classifier. If you’re after a bounding box then the upper and lower bounds should be apparent based on the location of your classes within the spectrogram i.e. sound intensity occurs at similar frequency. If transfer learning from a general image model I would advise against using false colour to generate the three channels and instead would generate different types of spectrograms (Reassignment method/Multi-tapered/etc.) Due to the nature of spectrograms you don’t really want scale invariance so segmentation models that use feature pyramids can be problematic. I found decent success using Compact Convolutional Transformers but that may not be what you need for your task.

Agreed. It’s pretty common to augment your data so that you have n different inputs based on a the same original input. As long as these augmented values aren’t present in your test set then you should be fine.

They also allow you to retain your other citizenship if it is too difficult or expensive to denounce (Read: American). Germany is pretty chill about these things in general.

As someone with multiple citizenships, why would I bother to vote for the country that I don’t live in? Sometimes there are significant hurdles in registering to vote if you don’t have a local address or proof of residency. It’s a big enough challenge to get people to vote in elections of the place that they live let alone everywhere that they have citizenship. Additionally in quite a few places including NZ you don’t need citizenship to vote and can achieve the same with residency which I think is fair because if you live in a country (and pay taxes) for years then you should have a say in political affairs.

Yeah there’s usually a skills shortage list of some kind. Australia even has different ones for different states so you’d want to check the state government requirements especially for trades.

I get your point but in NZ and Aus we have strict certifications for people who carry out electrical and plumbing work so if you don’t have some formal qualification in them you would have no chance of practicing unless you did an apprenticeship and then that puts you at virtually the same level as a kid out of high school. Obviously all people are inherently valuable but it’s more about if you’re valuable from an economic point of view. Points based systems are arguably superior because they are quite transparent and offer multiple ways to meet the requirements.

Points based systems are already in place in Canada, New Zealand and Australia. Americans can move to these places provided that they are valuable enough. Besides the usual skills and education required, Germany will certainly require proof of basic language proficiency. You can move most places already if you can get a company to employ you locally so if you really want to leave the US then your best bet is to learn a skill that’s in demand and get experience.