The original was overturned by the Supreme Court because these changes were made to exclude people who were decendants of slaves they've owned in the past. That's when they started accepting any descendent. It was really controversial at the time. I've lived in Native communities if that matters.

They technically work here but the information seems integral. They're overused in a lot of writing. They are most effective when adding information that isn't easily included by is necessary to understand the sentence. I'm not the only one to say this and there are a couple examples floating around.

Needs commas instead of parenthesis.

What do you mean by not prepared and what does that have to do with the prison industrial complex and the other things I talked about? You can be completely capable and have the government ratfuck you. There is research that says that black men are treated poorly when they try to be involved in their kids' education. All of these things are external forces that make it more difficult for black men to parent. What don't you understand?

Isn't having children likely to reduce the standard of living for anyone. I'm not sure how this is relevant. Should Black people not have children because things like employment discrimination make it more difficult? The US is a harsh environment for Black and Native American people especially. Should they not have children because of that? What about people in harsh environments all over the world where resources are scarce? You seem to be implying that oppressed people should die out by not reproducing or something. Maybe finish the job the system is imposing.

Btw people need support for all kinds of reasons. In some cases, it may be because racist employers make it difficult to find work or a bread winner gets incarcerated or somebody gets cancer or some other disease or somebody dies. All of which affect Black and Native people at higher rates.

I teach at the college level. I taught at black schools in impoverished areas and I'm from Baltimore. I've seen this stuff happen in real time.

Mass encarceration was a real problem. Until relatively recently men had to abandon their families to get government support. This was actually enforced with black families. Even now women lose childcare when dad lives at home even if he's looking for a job. Recent studies have shown that black men are more likely than fathers from other demographics to engage actively in parenting. I believe this has something to do with how hard it is for black men to find jobs.