Ask yourself this—does the die remember what it previously landed on? If not, how could the odds go up? It’s a physical thing that falls and bounces by the laws of physics. What physics laws would change because it was previously on a 5 instead of a 3?

And that’s just one of the “loss leaders”, where you lose $ on some products to get customers who will make you money elsewhere. Years ago (may not still be true) a buddy who was a VP at Walmart said they lose their shirts on bananas. They want theirs to be the greenest bananas out there so that people associate their food with freshness.

Enthalpy is well described above.

With Entropy, think of it as a measure of the “quality” of the energy—specifically, how useless has the energy become? High entropy = more useless. This is important because energy is not created or destroyed, but it does change and in those changes it becomes less useful.

For example, when you burn the gas in your car, you get ~35% efficiency—that is, only 35% turns into kinetic energy of the car. The other 65% isn’t lost…it is just dissipated in the atmosphere as heat and cannot easily be used any more. So its entropy has increased.