mauganra_it

mauganra_it t1_j9xfv8x wrote

Surely that is not the expectation. We don't quite know why and how humans* developed languages, but it's safe to say we didn't have these things in mind back then.

* animals, especially birds and cetaceans might or might not have something akin to language as well.

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mauganra_it t1_ixc53ba wrote

The decline of Chinese civilization during the 19th century is a major departure from the flow of Chinese history until then. China has been conquered many times, but so far the conquerors always assimilated to Chinese civilization. Colonization by foreign powers and the Unequal Treaties were a new pattern, and these events still loom large in the collective psyche of the Chinese people.

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mauganra_it t1_ixa8l6q wrote

It can be argued to be a translation error, but Chinese history does not share the sharp divide in Western history around the 5th century when the Western Roman Empire collapsed. For the Chinese, modern Chinese history starts with the Opium Wars. Everything before that is considered ancient Chinese history, as the Opium Wars are the harbinger of the eventual demise of Imperial China.

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