Oh and the wired shapes is just moving the fountain pen in a wave to saturate the tip with ink to then make those thick lines after a series of thin ones

To increase difficulty what he does is write the same sentence over and over again with smaller font every time

Calligraphy training sheet.

My grandpa has similar sheets at his home. Looks like he was trying to be poetic...mid stroke hahah

Turns out when he wrote something and wasn't happy with the shape of a letter or the way it met another letter he'd just rewrite (draw?) It several times to get the hand of it