okay so you missed the intervening steps.

A lot of the structures we use in the west came to us via the catholic church even those that found their way to us from the ancient world.

Catholic monks copied and preserved the texts. The first printed book was the bible there was a reason a translation from Latin was such a big deal. The catholic church was the gate keeper for all information as they produced the books and were the majority of those that taught.

Catholicism is how the people of the era understood their world it was in everything. For example If you read agricultural texts from the period you'll see it's steeped in saints and religious symbology as most of the literate and producers of books was the clergy.

Reformation Europe inherited all this ingrained dogma.

my entire point is history is complex and long term. My point is you have to find the root of the problem to deal with anything else nothing gets done. This is a lesson we refuse to learn and one we've repeated time and time again.

Even Scandinavia.

The Christianization of the Scandinavian counties took place between the 8th and the 12th centuries whereas Martin Luther posted his 95 thesis on October 31, 1517 triggering the protestant reformations so yes they were Catholic. There was a few centuries where catholic was Christianity for the west. Eastern Orthodox was in the East out of Byzantium (eastern Roman Empire)

Interesting side note: the catholic church wouldn't have spread as it did without Charlamagne.

You've made a false assumption.

All protestant nations were once Catholic the religion didn't change until the protestant reformation. The reformation caused many different schism in the church to form but the basics are pretty much the same and a lot of legal and cultural conditions come from that. The cultural practice I was referencing came from the catholic church itself not the religion it represented and they stuck around. It is still there even in modern secular Europeans societies.

Again you need to go to the root to find the issues. It was bad law and an a bit of Catholicism that planted a ticking timebomb.

I didn't say the British had nothing to do with it I said it would have happened regardless of the British or not they didn't matter. I said ironically the potato made a bad situation worse by propping up a failing system. I said the root of the problem was the inheritance system and the catholic church. The British exploited a failing system but the system was going to fail with or without them. The root of the problem was Irish inheritance law and the catholic church.

To have avoided the disaster you would have to corrected the problem which lead to it. People were going to die the potato made it worse as it created what we now call a bubble and all bubbles eventually pop. Shipping in food wouldn't have worked really well given period logistics. It was all moved by hand we have enough trouble dealing with famines with modern machinery.

Additionally period cultivars of Potatoes and wheat are harvested at different times of the year meaning when the famine first hit it the wheat was already gone it didn't stay locally. The earlies, one of our greatest developments in agriculture in my opinion, were not around yet. The crops in field? were not ready and a good portion of that was seed crop remember you need seed to plant next year.

Until the harvest you're on the fat of last year it's the sad irony that you're more likely to starve in the early summer before the crops are ready then in the dead of winter. They're known as the hungry times for a reason and this was true of everywhere. It hit at the worst possible time.

Add insult to injury blight can hit at any stage of potato development up until harvest as the weather triggers the spores development which ruins the crop so they got continually fucked over by potatoes.

History is complex but it teaches if you don't deal with the root of the problem you're destined to hit that problem head on. The Irish were well aware of their issues with land and continued to sell it off. Avoiding problems leads to disaster and that's a lesson we desperately need right now need I explain why?

>The Irish famines origins are from Catholicism, Irish laws of inheritance and a limited gene pool of potatoes. It would have happened without the British being there as the British exploited the situation that the Irish created themselves.
>
>What happened? All potatoes in Europe were descended from 5 tubers. This presented a huge decline in genetic variability and meant if one got sick they all would this was a time bomb.
>
>What about the land?
>
>The land divisions which allowed for easy English takeover was rooted in Catholicism and period Irish law. What happened is the land was subdivided amongst all sons every generation. Sounds fair? but no it was a terrible idea as it combined big families with limited space. In a few generations this combination rapidly resulted in useless parcels of land being inherited which were promptly sold off.
>
>This is what allowed the British to acquire Irish lands for a song because alone they were worthless to period people. You couldn't produce anything with them of sufficient scale to feed yourself. Instead of changing this they continued down this path.
>
>Enter the potato.
>
>The potato was viewed as a godsend because it allowed for the production of almost everything a person needed on a small sliver of even poor quality land and gave an income as well. The British had nothing to do with this sub division they exploited it after the damage had already been done. The potato was a stay of execution to be blunt it was a time bomb that was always going to go off this merely exacerbated the situation.
>
>Why?
>
>The Irish became dependent on one crop something even in the period they knew was a bad idea due to frequent crop failures through out European and even Irish history. Famines were common before modern agricultural systems. They were doomed the second that inheritance law came about.
>
>You can blame the English for not sharing their crops but not for the famine itself that was 100% not their fault. It was always going to happen. A cruel irony is if the potato hadn't come about the deaths would have been smaller as they could have corrected the problem before it became a wildfire.
>
>Why didn't they give the Irish the wheat crops? or beef crops? that had nothing to do with the origins of the famine itself. They should have but it wouldn't have changed that the failure happened it was always going to happen. The British turned a blind eye to what was always going to happen.
>
>The people acquiring the land didn't matter as well the sub divisions still would have happened as it was engrained in their laws and culture. It was always a timebomb sitting under the Irish population which got added to by the potato.
>
>Moral of the story? never trust a stopgap to be a solution to your problems. Fix the problems. We're walking down the same path right now with climate change.

no problem my dude.

I try not to think in terms of absolutes any longer and it can be a tad confusing to those not used to it.

Sorry bout that mate.

hope it didn't come off as smug or aggressive as that wasn't my intent. I'm just that I', getting to old to deal in absolutes any longer I'd make a terrible Sith.

In the future read the entire comment before attempting to correct someone as it was covered.

Notice I said: This means aside from us there are 7 that were "early human species". Notice I used works like " known".

Now why did I include other hominids? simple to cover the debate on when and where the term human should be applied.

Why did I bother? It is not as cut and dry as you are asserting my dude.

Ask yourself what defines a human? Ask yourself how can we infer such things from something as simple as a tooth? Ask yourself what kind of argument is being presented.

Knowledge is cumulative and new things are discovered and old mistakes are rectified constantly. I try to always acknowledge the holes or faults in the information and any fact based debate on the topic.

What faults? most of this is an argument from definition of what makes a human human.

Lets take the control of fire as an example as it was once thought to be the defining characteristic of our kind. In 2009 we observed a near human understanding of fire in wild Chimpanzees in Senegal.

Additionally recent discoveries may have pushed back the use of fire in cooking back before homo erectus. This either means that we've got the characteristics wrong or it's more complex than we assumed.

Another key idea which used to be tool use but we've observed other animals using tools, again those pesky chimps. There have been stone tools discovered which may be connected to Australopithecus. Which given your ridged idea shouldn't be the case if tool use is a defining factor.

See my friend it's never as absolute as we think. Arguments by definition are always falter when new information is discovered as they assume we know all. Notice I've been saying "may have" this was done purposely as well because again we don't know as much as we think.

all of them existed on earth ;).

how many hominids have there been? to my knowledge there are 21 known species of hominid and of those 21 I believe eight are in the genus homo.

This means aside from us there are 7 that were "early human species"

Robots.

New oven? that's a service call.

They either didn't tap the screw threads correctly or it's been stripped either way that part has to be replaced. Anyone who tells you anything differently is insane.

Don't fuck around with electricity it always wins.

It's funny that you brought up CANDU reactors as that's the exact design India used to develop it's atomic weapons.

They produce both plutonium and tritium.

This use of what was thought to be a "safe design" for nuclear arms is the one of the major anxieties behind not using nuclear power.

Methane sourced.

Methane is a much worse greenhouse gas than CO2.

Blue overlaps with grey hydrogen which used both methane as the feedstock but differ in production.

Add to that they both still need the entire carbon rich transport sector to work so neither are really carbon neutral despite the attempts at carbon capture for blue.

All hydrogen is color coded based on its feedstock and or the power source used to extract it.

The worst and sadly most common are black and brown hydrogen which use hydrocarbons.

Green hydrogen, the best, would be split from water using renewable or low carbon power. Using hydro electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen would be an example of green hydrogen.

Pink hydrogen is split from water using nuclear power. It's a clean source but it's problematic for certain other reasons mainly a desire to prevent nuclear proliferation.

only if it's green hydrogen

Brown and black hydrogen would be a catastrophe.

Blue would be well no real difference from what we have now.

Most hydrogen is sourced from coal and oil they're called hydrocarbons for a reason they're hydrogen compounds.

To be fair there's nothing in the bible that says mary and jesus weren't albinos.

LOL

All social media should be banned on these devices.

Use it on your personal crap not your government issued crap!

True

and the starter motor killed the electric car.

There was a competition between steam, gas and electric at the early part of the 20th century.

Steam was the most proven tech but time consuming took 20 minutes to heat up and build propper pressure from cold

Gas was difficult to start manually for most.

Electric was easy but with limited range.

Electric was considered a rich woman's car as you needed massive upper body strength to hand crank a car or prime a boiler. You could hire a driver but the EV was the most appealing option for period upper-class women.

Farmers wives could crank a car.

Ford made cars more available that's true but

The starter motor made the electric car moot as it lost it's one advantage. No need to risk a broken hand or arm when you can just flip a switch. This unit from 1922 was nearing the end of the OG electric car.

.......... have my plans been leaked?

Cool, tell us which ones so we can send Ukraine some more.

>that's if they do not fit safely into the dimensions of a standard seat.

but blueberries aren't blue lol

life isn't short it's the longest thing you'll consciously do.

Existence is brief then we're recycled.

oh no! there's only phil the baker in the third village to the south! she's doomed! doomed I say!

I love this story great work OP.

If I am remembering correctly it's to avoid the issues with early VR like eye strain, headaches and nausea. I could be misremembering but I'm not sure.

The virtual boy was terrible and there were often vomit buckets beside the hang glider sims at the arcade.

>jamming equipment is already on the way.